abstract: in a wide search program towards new and efficient antimicrobial agents, a series of 4-substituted-1,2,4-triazolidine-3,5-dione derivatives namely urazoles holding an alkyl moiety at position 4 have been synthesized and tested for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. the structures of these compounds have been investigated by spectral data. the synthesized compounds...

seaweeds are the novel bioactive compounds resources with antioxidant activity. the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of microwave radiation on antioxidant compounds extracted from red algae hypneahamulosa and optimal extraction conditions using response surface methodology (rsm).. independent variables were time (4,8,12 min), acetone/water concentration (50%,75% ,100% acetone) and...

Nanoparticles are among the most important industrial catalysts, with applications ranging from chemical manufacturing to energy conversion and storage. Heterogeneity is a general feature among these nanoparticles, with their individual differences in size, shape, and surface sites leading to variable, particle-specific catalytic activity. Assessing the activity of individual nanoparticles, pre...

To examine whether a primordial functional protein at the early stages of evolution has structural features, we carried out experimental evolution consisting of 25 cycles (generations) of mutation and selection toward DNA-binding function using a random-sequence polypeptide of 139 amino acid residues with no secondary structure as the initial sequence. In each generation, 16 clones were sampled...

Scientists are taking technology in common laboratory usage for more than 15 years and adapting it in ways that may, quite literally, bring the laboratory into the field. The technology is known as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and a team of scientists has taken a sensing unit that was once the size of an old-fashioned console television and shrunken it down into a handheld unit no bigger th...