BACKGROUND/AIMS Proper colon preparation in children has been a challenge for many years. Different regimens have been used for this purpose, but the best regimen is not determined. The aim of this study was to evaluate successful colon preparation before colonoscopy in children who were treated with one- or two-day regimen with polyethylene glycol (PEG) plus bisacodyl and clear liquids. MATE...

BACKGROUND Tacrolimus is a potent immunomodulator that is effective in the systemic treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). However, potential toxicity and systemic (side) effects after oral intake limit its use. We investigated the local applicability and safety of tacrolimus for distal colitis. METHODS Patients with refractory left-sided colitis or proctitis were treated for 4 weeks...

We evaluated the potential utility of hydrogels for delivery of the photosensitizing agents 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) to rectal tumors. Hydrogel suppositories containing ALA or HMME were administered to the rectal cavity of BALB/c mice bearing subcutaneous tumors of SW837 rectal carcinoma cells. For comparison, ALA and HMME were also administered by...

We have performed thermal (differential scanning calorimetry) and rheological studies in the preformulation phase of ethosuximide suppositories to determine the influence of the active ingredient and adjuvants on the melting characteristics and rheological performance of the suppositories. Both types of studies were performed on the fatty bases witepsol H-19 and suppocire AP, each mixed with 5%...

In [7], J. J. Kohn proved C∞ hypoellipticity with loss of k − 1 derivatives in Sobolev norms (and at least that loss in L∞) for the highly non-subelliptic singular sum of squares Pk = LL + L|z| L = −L ∗ L − (zL)zL with L = ∂ ∂z + iz ∂ ∂t . In this paper, we prove hypoellipticity with loss of k−1 m derivatives in Sobolev norms for the operator (0.1) P F m,k = L F mL F m + L F m |z| Lm with L F m...

Let B = (bjk)p×n = (Y1, Y2, · · · , Yn) be a collection of independent real random variables with mean zero and variance one. Suppose that Σ is a p by p population covariance matrix. Let Xk = Σ Yk for k = 1, 2, · · · , n and Σ̂1 = 1 n ∑n k=1XkX T k . Under the moment condition supp,n max1≤j≤p,1≤k≤n Ebjk < ∞, we prove that the log determinant of the sample covariance matrix Σ̂1 satisfies log det Σ̂...