Adolescents have been shown to be particularly sensitive to peer influence. However, the data supporting these findings have been mostly limited to the impact of peers on risk-taking behaviours. Here, we investigated the influence of peers on performance of a high-level cognitive task (relational reasoning) during adolescence. We further assessed whether this effect on performance was dependent...

Seven studies demonstrate that threats to moral identity can increase how definitively people think they have previously proven their morality. When White participants were made to worry that their future behavior could seem racist, they overestimated how much a prior decision of theirs would convince an observer of their non-prejudiced character (Studies 1a-3). Ironically, such overestimation ...

This study examined 3 strategies that African American and White participants (9th–12th grade) used to manage cultural diversity: multicultural, separation, and assimilation/acculturation strategies. Older African American adolescents endorsed multicultural strategies (integration/fusion and alternation) more strongly and separation less strongly than their younger African American peers. The r...

My participant-observation with O-Môi, a support group for Vietnamese lesbians, bisexual women and female-to-male transgenders, and interviews with members, focusing on how different identity issues are negotiated, suggest that despite O-Môi's claim of supporting its members' multiple marginalized identities, group processes in everyday pragmatic interactions construct a hierarchy that centers ...

Recently, Microsoft and Sony have added network capabilities to their game consoles allowing real-time competitive and cooperative game play over the Internet. This paper reports on the initial stage of a study examining Microsoft’s Xbox Live, a system supporting computer supported cooperative play (CSCP) through voice communication and centralized identity management. In order to understand th...

A prototype for cyber identity is presented in a computational framework based on Barwise and Devlin’s situation theory. We use real-life examples in identifying an individual to create what we call an id-situation; an id-situation is where an id-action is performed. We use the Semantic Web standards to represent these id-situations from our real-life examples. The examples include identifying ...

Contradictory evidence exists regarding the benefit of the Internet for social and personal wellbeing, with some studies indicating deleterious effects and others possible social enrichment. The potential for increased social isolation from ‘overinvolvement’ in online activities or, conversely, the Internet’s possibilities for enhancing social relationships, may be particularly salient during y...

Initial research suggested that only European American women developed eating disorders (Garner, 1993), yet recent studies have shown that African American women do experience them (e.g., Lester & Petrie, 1998b; Mulholland & Mintz, 2001) and also may be negatively affected by similar sociocultural variables. In this study, we examined a sociocultural model of eating disorders for African Americ...

the present study is aimed at assessing the state of national identity among female students of ahwaz islamic azad university and explores the social factors affecting upon it. the statistical society consisted of 8532 students at the three levels of associate diploma undergraduate and master degrees. the research method in this study is a “survey” and collection of data has been carried out by...

Recruitment of ‘top-down’ frontal attentional mechanisms is held to support detection of changes in task-relevant stimuli. Fluctuations in intrinsic frontal activity have been shown to impact task performance more generally. Meanwhile, the amygdala has been implicated in ‘bottom-up’ attentional capture by threat. Here, 22 adult human participants took part in a functional magnetic resonance cha...