OBJECTIVE To assess the hypothesis that higher incidence of severe acute asthma exacerbation, not lower severity threshold for admission, explains the difference between the asthma hospitalization rates of inner-city and suburban children. METHODS All 2028 asthma hospitalizations between 1991 and 1995 for children (aged >1 month and <19 years) dwelling in Rochester, New York, were analyzed. Z...

The World Health Organization (WHO) has made considerable efforts to reduce citizens’ exposure community noise in urban and suburban areas [...]

indicators of exposure of children to lead. Deciduous molars, extracted from a total of 310 children aged between 3 and 10 years who resided in urban, suburban, and rural environments in Northern Ireland, were analysed for lead by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Tooth lead content increased with age and was influenced by the nature of the donor's environment. Lead concentrations were great...

The recent development of lightweight GPS collars has enabled medium-to-small sized animals to be tracked via GPS telemetry. Evaluation of the performance and accuracy of GPS collars is largely confined to devices designed for large animals for deployment in natural environments. This study aimed to assess the performance of lightweight GPS collars within a suburban environment, which may be di...

Processes of adaptation to urban environments are well described for relatively few avian taxa, mainly passerines, but selective forces responsible for urban colonization in ecologically different groups of birds remain mostly unrecognized. The aim of this article is to identify drivers of recent urban colonization (Łódź, central Poland) by a reed-nesting waterbird, the Eurasian coot Fulica atr...

BACKGROUND Exposure metrics that identify spatial contrasts in multipollutant air quality are needed to better understand multipollutant geographies and health effects from air pollution. Our aim is to improve understanding of: (1) long-term spatial distributions of multiple pollutants; and (2) demographic characteristics of populations residing within areas of differing air quality. METHODS ...

Owing to strong winds during the typhoon season, damage pilotis in form of dropout exterior materials occurs frequently. Pilotis placed at end exhibit a large peak wind pressure coefficient ceiling. In this study, experimental direction angle tests was conducted seven directions, with test angles varying from 0° 90° intervals 15°, centered on piloti position, which accomplished using tunnel sys...

INTRODUCTION Both socioeconomic status and travel time to cancer treatment have been associated with treatment choice and patient outcomes. An improved understanding of the relationship between these two dimensions of access may enable cancer control experts to better target patients with poor access, particularly in isolated suburban and rural communities. METHODS Using geographical informat...

BACKGROUND Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus (Skuse) is an important disease vector and biting nuisance. During the 2009 active season, six ∼1000-parcel sites were studied, three in urban and three in suburban areas of New Jersey, United States, to examine the efficacy of standard integrated urban mosquito control strategies applied area wide. Active source reduction, larviciding, adulticiding and p...