Behaviorally inhibited children display a temperamental profile characterized by social withdrawal and anxious behaviors. Previous research, focused largely on adolescents, suggests that attention biases to threat may sustain high levels of behavioral inhibition (BI) over time, helping link early temperament to social outcomes. However, no prior studies examine the association between attention...

Transcutaneous electrostimulation is a somewhat controversial technique used in the management of the opiate withdrawal syndrome. We report an animal study of a particular transcutaneous electrostimulation called transcutaneous cranial electrostimulation, based on a technique used for many years on heroin addicts for the rapid severance of their addiction, which has been validated in a clinical...

Maternal use of certain drugs during pregnancy can result in transient neonatal signs consistent with withdrawal or acute toxicity or cause sustained signs consistent with a lasting drug effect. In addition, hospitalized infants who are treated with opioids or benzodiazepines to provide analgesia or sedation may be at risk for manifesting signs of withdrawal. This statement updates information ...

Increased ligand binding to dihydropyridine receptors in the central nervous system after chronic ethanol consumption is thought to contribute to the withdrawal syndrome. Previous studies demonstrated such changes when the binding was measured in vitro, which, as the receptors are voltage-sensitive, may not accurately reflect the binding in vivo. In the present study, dihydropyridine binding wa...

Post–acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) refers to a cluster of psychological and mood-related symptoms that can last for months years after acute from substance is major contributing factor relapse. PAWS exist many individuals alcohol, opioids, benzodiazepines with underlying brain changes. Health care providers are in prime position identify treat decrease this risk A synthesis evidence on the s...

To the Editor: Substance abuse is a complex trait that is influenced by neurobiological, psychosocial, and environmental factors. While the ventral tegmental area/nucleus accumbens dopamine system is crucial to acute reward and the initiation of addiction, evidence suggests that permanent neuroplastic changes occur at the cellular and molecular levels that underlie the addictive process. The ti...

To the Editor: Substance abuse is a complex trait that is influenced by neurobiological, psychosocial, and environmental factors. While the ventral tegmental area/nucleus accumbens dopamine system is crucial to acute reward and the initiation of addiction, evidence suggests that permanent neuroplastic changes occur at the cellular and molecular levels that underlie the addictive process. The ti...

CONTEXT Drug induced pancreatitis are rare but potentially serious. Thus, drug withdrawal is warranted. CASE REPORT A 79-year-old woman who was treated with antituberculosis therapy for 5 weeks was admitted to our unit for pancreatitis. Usual etiologies of pancreatitis were eliminated. Because of vomiting, antituberculosis therapy was withdrawn and symptoms disappeared. Eight days later, the ...

Over the years, animal studies have revealed a role for the endocannabinoid system in the regulation of multiple aspects of opiate addiction. The current review provides an overview of this literature in regards to opiate withdrawal. The opiate withdrawal syndrome, hypothesized to act as a negative reinforcer in mediating continued drug use, can be characterized by the emergence of spontaneous ...

The effect of withdrawal from chronic morphine or amphetamine treatment on dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the ventral-medial striatum was studied by use of in vivo microdialysis. There was no effect of 24 h of amphetamine withdrawal on the basal concentration of DA in the ventral-medial striatum. Spontaneous morphine withdrawal (24 h) was associated with a significant decrease in the basal ...