Sialolithiasis is one of the most common pathologies of the submandibular gland; sialoliths account for about 80 percent of all salivary duct calculi.The majority of sialolith occurs in the submandibular gland or its duct and is common cause of acute and chronic infection. Salivary stones larger than 15 mm are classified as giant sialoliths. They are uncommon in the practice of otolaryngology, ...

Aluminum absorption leads to deposits in several tissues. In this study, we have investigated, to our knowledge for the first time, aluminum deposition in the salivary glands in addition to the resultant cellular changes in the parotid and submandibular salivary glands in a model of chronic intoxication with aluminum citrate in rats. Aluminum deposits were observed in the parotid and submandibu...

Sialolithiasis is the most common salivary gland disorder, and it consists in an inflammatory process related with a partial or total duct obstruction. The submandibular gland is the most affected one, representing 80% of the incidence rate. The treatment varies and depends on the location, number and size of the sialolith and the surgeon’s experience. In this report of two cases of sialodeniti...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To identify the factors that affect outcome (stone clearance, partial clearance without symptoms, and residual stone with symptoms unchanged) of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). To develop and validate a predictive model for outcome of treatment. STUDY DESIGN Prospective controlled trial. METHODS There were 142 salivary calculi (78 submandibular, 64 paroti...

OBJECTIVE To assess transoral treatment of submandibular lithiasis. DESIGN Study of a series of patients with submandibular stones undergoing transoral removal of the sialoliths. Duration of follow-up: 6 months to 7 years. SETTING Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany, center for treatment of salivary stones. PATIENTS...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS To investigate epidemiological features and symptoms of sialolithiasis and their implications for diagnosis and management. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. METHODS Retrospective analysis on 2,322 patients with sialolithiasis, between 1987 and 2009. The statistical significance between two sample distributions was computed using analysis of variance Student t t...

Transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 4 (TRPV4) is a ligand-gated nonselective cation channel that participates in the transduction of mechanical and osmotic stimuli in different tissues. TRPV4 is activated by endogenous arachidonic acid metabolites, 4α-phorbol-12,13 didecanoate, GSK1016790A, moderate heat, and mechanical stress. TRPV4 is expressed in the salivary glands, but its expre...

Hyposecretion occurs in most patients early after submandibular gland autotransplantation for severe keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Endogenous transient receptor potential vanilloid subtype 1 (TRPV1) has been recently demonstrated in rabbit submandibular glands, and activation of TRPV1 by capsaicin increases secretion in isolated glands, but the TRPV1-mediated secretory mechanism remains to be elu...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess and compare the diagnostic performance of panoramic and occlusal radiographs in detecting submandibular sialoliths. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 patients (20 cases and 20 controls) were included in this retrospective study. Cases were defined as subjects with a submandibular sialolith confirmed by computed tomography (CT), whereas controls di...

Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) is a widely used technique for the prevention of code reuse attacks. The basic concept of ASLR is to randomize the base address of executable modules at load time. Changing the load address of modules is also often needed for resolving conflicts among shared libraries with the same preferred base address. In Windows, loading a module at an arbitrary add...