J Otolaryngology ENT Res 2016, 4(3): 00102 It produces calcification-ossification of the anterior longitudinal ligament. The low dorsal region is the most affected in the spine [4]. Dysphagia is the most common symptom when the disease affects the cervical spine (C3-C5 levels), less frequent is dyspnea, both secondary to extrinsic compression of the esophagus and trachea. Forestier’s disease is...

phy (MDCTA) and magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) are superior to computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluating shoulder instability (1, 2). Previous reports have indicated that MRA is more accurate for evaluating the capsuloligamentous complex, the glenoid labrum, the intracapsular portion of the long head of the biceps tendon, and the rotator cuff than CT art...

Eagle’s syndrome, the famous discovery of W. Eagle, is associated with repeated episodes of pain on rotating the neck, dysphagia and referred otalgia due to elongation of styloid process or ossified stylohyoid. Familiarity with Eagle’s syndrome shows that its symptoms can be easily confused with other craniomandibular diseases. Since it is a rare clinical entity, its diagnosis is often hard to ...

Knowledge of the Eagle's syndrome shows that its symptoms can be very easily confused with other types of craniomandibular disorders, especially temporomandibular disorders (TMD). The aim of this study was to find a possible correlation between the presence of TMD and elongation of the styloid process as well relate to presence of calcification of the stilohyoid chain. Fifty patients with TMD, ...

Eagle's syndrome occurs when an elongated styloid process or calcified stylohyoid ligament causes recurrent throat pain or foreign body sensation, dysphagia, or facial pain. Additional symptoms may include neck or throat pain with radiation to the ipsilateral ear. In adults, the styloid process is approximately 2.5 cm long, and its tip is located between the external and internal carotid arteri...

This case report presents three-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) findings in the diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome that is characterized with an elongated styloid process or a calcified stylohyoid ligament causing craniofacial or cervical pain. We have performed 3D-CT in three patients suspected to have this condition. Coronal images were taken in two patients and axial images in one patient...

BACKGROUND Elongated styloid process syndrome (Eagle's syndrome) is the term given to the symptomatic elongation of the styloid process or the mineralization of the stylohyoid or stylomandibular ligament. The two commonly used approaches for the surgical treatment of this syndrome are the transcervical and transoral approaches. Both have their limitations and specific intraoperative risks. Here...

Compartmental tongue surgery (CTS) is a surgical technique that removes the compartments (anatomo-functional units) containing the primary tumor, eliminating the disease and potential muscular, vascular, glandular and lymphatic pathways of spread and recurrence. Compartment boundaries are defined as each hemi-tongue bounded by the lingual septum, the stylohyoid ligament and muscle, and the mylo...