Abstract Plant‐parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are one of the most damaging pests to plants and able cause significant damage all parts plants, including stems, leaves, flowers, fruits roots. Studies on diversity, host range, distribution identification methods PPNs therefore vital in order create a basis for management. This current study represents first dedicated investigation from medicinal Viet...

The videolaryngoscope is a useful alternative airway device for anaesthesia management of difficult airways. However videolaryngoscope intubation may fail due to lack of experience, incorrect application, inappropriate stylet, prior traumatic attempts, restricted cervical movement and limited oropharyngeal airspace. Using a stylet and correctly shaped endotracheal tube is important to facilitat...

Metaparasitylenchus hypothenemi n. sp. (Nematoda: Allantonematidae) is described from the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), in Chiapas, Mexico. This species differs from other members of the genus by its small size, annulated cuticle, lateral fields with 3 ridges, free-living stages with an excretory pore located between the pharyngeal gland orifices...

Transmission of non-persistent plant viruses is related to aphid behaviour during superficial brief probes. A widely accepted hypothesis postulates that virus acquisition occurs during ingestion of plant cell contents, and inoculation during egestion or regurgitation of previously ingested sap. Although conceptually attractive, this ingestion-egestion hypothesis has not been clearly demonstrate...

Lymphangioma is a congenital malformation of lymphatic system and often involves the oral cavity. When lymphangioma is located on the mouth floor and enlarges, it can compress the airway and make intubation difficult. The GlideScope(®) video laryngoscope is sometimes used in routine intubation, but is most commonly used in difficult or failed intubation. We report a pediatric patient with a dif...

The most evolutionary advanced adaptations for plant parasitism by nematodes are the products of parasitism genes expressed in their esophageal gland cells and secreted through their stylet into host tissue to control the complex process of parasitism. Molecular analyses of nematode parasitism genes are revealing the complexity of the tools that enable the nematode to attack plants, and the res...

Three populations of Pratylenchus coffeae and two of P. brachyurus, each originating from a single female, were maintained on Citrus spp. or Solanum nigrum L. for several years under greenhouse conditions. Nematodes were extracted from roots, and adult female specimens were killed, fixed, and mounted in glycerine for microscopic study. Variables measured were distance between vulva and anus and...

A retropharyngeal mass may distort the airway anatomy and reduce the space available for manipulation of intubation devices. We encountered a patient with a cervical chordoma occupying the retropharyngeal space. Fiber-optic orotracheal intubation was attempted to secure the airway. Although the fiber-optic bronchoscope (FOB) was successfully placed into the trachea, the tracheal tube could not ...

During early stages of infestation by Russian wheat aphids (Diuraphis noxia [Mordvilko]; RWAs), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaf cells collapsed and showed autofluorescence in the mesophyll and bundle sheath adjacent to the RWA stylet sheath. The response was visually similar to the hypersensitive cell death response, typical of resistance to microbial pathogens. Resistant barley produced signi...

One to two hundred nematodes from each of seven Xiphinema americanum-group populations were measured to determine the range of stylet and body lengths for juveniles and adults. First-stage juveniles were identified by the position of the replacement odontostyle (i.e., the tip of the replacement odontostyle overlapped the base of the odontophore). Nematodes were identified as second stage if the...