OBJECTIVE To evaluate the validity and reliability of an instrument that evaluates the structure of primary health care units for the treatment of tuberculosis. METHODS This cross-sectional study used simple random sampling and evaluated 1,037 health care professionals from five Brazilian municipalities (Natal, state of Rio Grande do Norte; Cabedelo, state of Paraíba; Foz do Iguaçu, state of Pa...

Output gap estimates are used in the calculation of structural fiscal balance indicators which are subsequently employed for the surveillance of economic growth and stability. This paper reviews the main methodologies for estimating the potential output and output gap. Methodologies can be grouped into two categories: the non-structural ones, which are not based on economic theory and are mainl...

While there are a wide variety of studies about communicative action theory of Habermas, there is the need for building of indicators and variables for quantitative methods of assessing this concept in a particular case study. Especially as the development of communicative action theory has created new perspectives in urban planning, it is necessary to assess and promote this concept in cities ...

housing can be considered as one of the most important needs of each family and the provision ofsuitable housing for people has always been considered as one of the indicators of progress in any country. because ofthe specific attitude to the issue of housing in iran, in other words, turning it into an investment, the major part of thehouseholds' income has been accounted for housing. given the...

housing can be considered as one of the most important needs of each family and the provision ofsuitable housing for people has always been considered as one of the indicators of progress in any country. because ofthe specific attitude to the issue of housing in iran, in other words, turning it into an investment, the major part of thehouseholds' income has been accounted for housing. give...

This paper is dedicated to the risk analysis of credit portfolios. Assuming that default indicators form an exchangeable sequence of Bernoulli random variables and as a consequence of de Finetti’s theorem, default indicators are Binomial mixtures. We can characterize the supermodular order between two exchangeable Bernoulli random vectors in terms of the convex ordering of their corresponding m...

We examine the dynamic effects of credit shocks using a large data set of U.S. economic and financial indicators in a structural factor model. The identified credit shocks, interpreted as unexpected deteriorations of credit market conditions, immediately increase credit spreads, decrease rates on Treasury securities, and cause large and persistent downturns in the activity of many economic sect...

A newly derived damage location algorithm is proposed to predict location of damage in offshore structures using changes in mode shapes from modal testing. This method decomposes elemental modal strain energy into two parts, and defines two damage indicators: axial damage indicator and transverse damage indicator. Analyzing the joint information of the two damage indicators can localize damage ...

Structural equation modeling (SEM) grows out of and serves purposes similar to multiple regression, but in a more powerful way which takes into account the modeling of interactions, nonlinearities, correlated independents, measurement error, correlated error terms, multiple latent independents each measured by multiple indicators, and one or more latent dependents also each with multiple indica...