The minority game is a simple congestion game with two actions and an odd number of players. Players want to choose the action that is chosen by the minority of players. We characterize the set of equilibria of the game. As the set of equilibria is large, a natural question is which equilibrium will be selected by the players. Since the pure Nash equilibria of the game are not strict and lead t...

Modal languages were originally based on the possible-world approach proposed by Lewis, Carnap and others. In other words, modal languages were originally designed to talk about necessity (the box) and possibility (the diamond). Nowadays, modal languages (and certain natural extensions like dynamic languages, μ-calculus language, . . . ) are viewed as tools for analyzing the properties of Kripk...

This paper investigates the use of an efficient bandwidth management scheme by implementing cross-layer M/M/1 queuing model. Strict Open System Interconnection (OSI) layer to layer communication problem is solved by introducing a common database that automatically synchronizes the status of each OSI layer to all the other layers. First-In-First-Out (FIFO) queuing data structure and Priority Que...

This paper investigates the use of an efficient bandwidth management scheme by implementing cross-layer M/M/1 queuing model. Strict Open System Interconnection (OSI) layer to layer communication problem is solved by introducing a common database that automatically synchronizes the status of each OSI layer to all the other layers. First-In-First-Out (FIFO) queuing data structure and Priority Que...

A best effort delivery system provides a connectionless, datagram service in which the packets may be delayed or dropped in the presence of congestion. The underlying network does not make any guarantees about performance to an application. Performance needs of various applications differ greatly and applications such as packet voice and video have strict performance requirements. Existing netw...

Abstract Considerations of accuracy – the epistemic good having credences close to truth-values have led justification a host norms. These arguments rely on specific ways measuring accuracy. In particular, measure should be strictly proper. However, main argument for strict propriety supports only weak propriety. But follows from given truth directedness (which is non-negotiable) and additivity...