We study experimentally steady-state photorefractive screening solitons trapped in both transverse dimensionsand measure their beam profiles as they propagate throughout the crystal. The solitons are observed to be axially symmetric, and they self-bend. We characterize the soliton dependence on the optical intensity, appliedelectric-field strength, and beam diameter.

We studied the effect of ejection on end-systolic pressure in isolated heart preparations. Ejecting beats were compared with isovolumic beats having the same volume as at end systole. While holding end-systolic volume constant, various stroke volumes, including negative stroke volumes (volume injected during systole), were imposed using a predetermined volume command. After switching contractio...

the understanding of the dynamic behavior of distillation columns has received considerable attention because distillation is one of the most widely used unit operations in chemical process industries. this paper reports a dynamic simulation study of the possible distillation columns sequences of dew pointing unit in the second phase of south pars gas refinery. in this unit, three columns are u...

The surface equipment design for a binary cycle geothermal power plant including facilities required the and complete reinjection process of two-phase fluid (H2O + non-condensable gases (NCGs)) in Castelnuovo area Larderello are modelled. proposed scheme includes configuration closed-loop plant, NCGs compression train at wellhead. Steady-state dynamic simulations performed. steady-state model i...

a quantum theory of a two and three-level laser with injected atomic coherence is developed by using a density operator method, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time. the initial atomic coherence plays an essential role. at steady state, the equation of motion for the density operator yields to exhibit laser without inversion and a phase locking but no threshold for the laser field. ...

In this paper, optimization of the backstepping controller parameters in a grid-connected single-phase inverter is studied using Imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA), Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The controller is developed for the system based on state-space averaged model. By selection of a suitable Lyapunov function, stability of the proposed con...

The influence of inlet placement and distributor geometry on the steady-state efficiency pressure drop cryogenic plate-fin heat exchangers (PFHEs) is studied using a three-dimensional simulation model. model employs porous media approach to combine computational fluid dynamics with well-established correlations for transfer in fin materials. An isothermal study conducted comparison six differen...

A two-phase steady-state model for the percolation of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork (TM) in eye has been developed. The model treats the meshwork as an annular porous cylinder comprised of two concentric rings that represent the uveal-corneoscleral meshwork and juxtacanalicular meshwork. Both the rings are assumed to be made up of homogeneous, isotropic, viscoelastic material sw...

In specific open systems with collective dissipation the Liouvillian can be mapped to a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We here consider such system where is an XXZ Richardson-Gaudin integrable model and detail its exact Bethe ansatz solution. While no longer Hermitian, Hamiltonian pseudo-Hermitian/PT-symmetric, as strength of coupling environment increased spectrum in fixed symmetry sector changes ...

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