Background: Lead glass has a wide variety of applications in radiation protection. This study aims to investigate some characteristics of lead glass such as the γ-ray energy-dependent mass and linear attenuation coefficients, the half-value layer thickness, and the absorbed dose distribution for specific energy. Materials and Methods: The attenuation parameters of different lead glass types aga...

This paper presents a model based approach to human body tracking in which the 2D silhouette of a moving human and the corresponding 3D skeletal structure are encapsulated within a non-linear Point Distribution Model. This statistical model allows a direct mapping to be achieved between the external boundary of a human and the anatomical position. It is shown how this information, along with th...

We discuss a family of time-reversible, scale-invariant diffusions with singular coefficients. In analogy with the standard Gaussian theory, a corresponding family of generalized characteristic functions provides a useful tool for proving limit theorems resulting in non-Gaussian, scale-invariant diffusions. We apply the generalized characteristic functions in combination with a martingale const...

How to test the effect of density estimation methods is the key problem in the statistics. This paper presents a new criterion for assessing the effect of density estimation to select the suitable density estimation method, using the maximum-entropy non-Gaussian measurement. Comparing withχ2-test and Dn-test, the method avoids the problem of the data interval division, and it is suitable for an...

To develop 8 reliable computer vision system, the employed algorithm must guarantee good output quality. In this Study. to ensure t h 0 quality of the pose estimated from line features. two simple teet functions based on Statistical hypothesis testing are defined. First, an error function based on the relation between the line features and Some quality thresholds is defined. By using the first ...

The motivation for the work in this article is the setting in which a number of treatments are available for evaluation in phase II clinical trials and where it may be infeasible to try them concurrently because the intended population is small. This paper introduces an extension of previous work on decision-theoretic designs for a series of phase II trials. The program encompasses a series of ...

BACKGROUND Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a minimally invasive tissue ablation technique which utilizes electric pulses delivered by electrodes to a targeted area of tissue to produce high amplitude electric fields, thus inducing irreversible damage to the cell membrane lipid bilayer. An important application of this technique is for cancer tissue ablation. Mathematical modelling is cons...

Understanding of the stability of deterministic and stochastic dynamical systems has evolved recently from a traditional grounding in the system’s normal modes to a more comprehensive foundation in the system’s propagator and especially in an appreciation of the role of non-normality of the dynamical operator in determining the system’s stability as revealed through the propagator. This set of ...

In this paper we present statistical models for text which treat words with higher frequencies of occurrence in a sensible manner, and perform better than widely used models based on the multinomial distribution on a wide range of classification tasks, with two or more classes. Our models are based on the Poisson and Negative-Binomial distributions, which keep desirable properties of simplicity...

The validity of the normal distribution as an error model is commonly tested with a (half) normal probability plot. Real data often contain outliers. The use of t-distributions in a probability plot to model such data more realistically is described. It is shown how a suitable value of the parameter nu of the t-distribution can be determined from the data. The results suggest that even data tha...