the passenger line planning is a process of strategic long-term decision-making problem in the field of railway passenger planning. a line is a route between starting point and destination with certain stops, which has a certain frequency of train schedule. a new solution based on decomposition algorithm has been proposed in this paper, which is defined in a master problem and two sub problems....

A forward starting CDO is a single tranche CDO with a specified premium starting at a specified future time. Pricing and hedging forward starting CDOs has become an active research topic. We present a method for pricing a forward starting CDO by converting it to an equivalent synthetic CDO. The value of the forward starting CDO can then be computed by the well developed methods for pricing the ...

Clonorchiasis is caused by infection with food-borne liver fluke, namely Clonorchis sinensis, which is also considered to be a neglected tropical disease. It is estimated that over 10 million people are infected with C. sinensis in China and, subsequently, several thousand new cholangiocarcinoma cases occur annually. On May 18, 2014, China Central Television broadcasted an episode on the habit ...

Interface processes strongly affect the performances and efficiency of organic based devices. The integration of 2D materials like graphene in organic devices (for example as electrodes) is expected, on the other hand, to improve the overall device performances. There is a need therefore for a deeper understanding and control of processes like charge transfer (CT) at interfaces between organic ...

Implementing a Total Data Quality Management program in a start-up situation presents unique challenges. It is difficult to document processes that are evolving. With no history of data quality to build upon, it is difficult to anticipate potential sources of error. The experience of Concept Shopping, Inc. provides an excellent example of how to successfully implement TDQM in a start-up situati...