Background and Aims: Canine distemper (CD) is a deadly infectious disease of Canidae family. CD is a multi-systemic viral disease and is specified by wide range of clinical symptoms. The manifestations are not always indicative of CD, therefore a laboratory confirmation is necessary for suspected cases. Materials and Methods: Different clinical specimens of 19 CD suspected unvaccinated dogs wer...

Pseudogenes are genes with high sequence homology to functional genes that have been rendered obsolete by mutations, preventing their expression. Several genes, such as αand β-globin, have been shown to have duplicated sequences representing nonfunctional genes or pseudogenes. The presence of pseudogenes is common; not every DNA duplication produces a functional gene. Cyclophilin (CyP), an 18-k...

background: adhesion and biofilm formation are two important steps in candida pathogenesis. the aim of the current study was to investigate the presence of bcr1 gene in candida albicans (c. albicans) isolates from women with vaginal candidiasis and its impact on biofilm formation. methods: we used 50 clinical isolates which confirmed c. albicans by pcr-rflp. then total rna was extracted from c....

background: acute lymphoblastic leukemia (all) is the most common subtype of childhood cancer. chromosomal ab­normality, specially the replacement of chromosomal material is one of the main reasons in generating leukemia, wherein the kind of translocation play a key role in managing the remedy. the goal of the present study was to develop a reliable, rapid, and cost effective method to detect t...

background and aims: viral hepatitis is a global health problem with a high mortality rate. recently, a new flavi-like virus, provisionally named hepatitis g virus (hgv), has been described. hgv does not induce an immune response that is consistently detectable by using recombinant proteins from prokaryotic expression, therefore studies have been conducted by using polymerase chain reaction (pc...

abstract : avian influenza virus (aiv) infection is a major cause of influenza mortality in birds and can cause human mortality and morbidity. although the risk of infection with avian influenza virus (aiv) is generally low for most people, the pathogenic virus can cross the species barrier and acquires the ability to infect and be transmitted among the human population; therefore the rapid ide...