Purpose Visual scanning by sighted individuals is done using eye and head movements. In contrast, scanning using the Argus II is solely done by head movement, since eye movements can introduce localization errors. Here, we tested if a scanning mode utilizing eye movements increases visual stability and reduces head movements in Argus II users. Methods Eye positions were measured in real-time ...

The snakehead fish Channa argus is an important food fish in China. We identified six microsatellite loci for C. argus. These six microsatellite loci and four other microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic diversity in four cultured populations of C. argus (SD, JX, HN, and ZJ) and determine their relationships. A total of 154 alleles were detected at the 10 microsatellite loci. The a...

OBJECTIVE The objective was to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) issues (magnetic field interactions, heating, artifacts and functional alterations) at 1.5 T and 3 T for the Argus II Retinal Prosthesis (Second Sight Medical Products, Sylmar, CA, USA). MATERIALS AND METHODS Standardized protocols were used to assess magnetic field interactions (translational attraction and torque; 3 T,...

When we interpret modal ♦ as the limit point operator of a topological space, the Gödel-Löb modal system GL defines the class Scat of scattered spaces. We give a partition of Scat into α-slices Sα , where α ranges over all ordinals. This provides topological completeness and definability results for extensions of GL. In particular, we axiomatize the modal logic of each ordinal α, thus obtaining...

The status of many carnivore species is a growing concern for wildlife agencies, conservation organizations, and the general public. Historically, kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) were classified as abundant and distributed in the desert and semi-arid regions of southwestern North America, but is now considered rare throughout its range. Survey methods have been evaluated for kit foxes, but often in...

Surveys using conservation detection dogs have grown increasingly popular as an efficient means to gather monitoring data, particularly for elusive and low-density species such as carnivores. Working with dogs can greatly increase the area surveyed for wildlife and the detection rate of survey targets. Due to the confounding effects of scent dispersion and dog movement, however, it can be diffi...

Cononsolvency-induced micellization kinetics of a pyrene end-labeled diblock copolymer of N-isopropylacrylamide and oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate, Py-PNIPAM-b-POEGMA, was investigated in detail via a combination of stopped-flow light-scattering and fluorescence techniques. Upon a stopped-flow jump from pure methanol to proper methanol/water mixtures, scattered light intensity...

Scale samples of Channa marulius were collected and studied for age determination and calculation of growth parameters. The fish were sampled from Harike Wetland during 1998 to 1999. Linear relationship with a high degree of correlation was observed between total fish length and the lateral scale radius. Age determination studies revealed 5 age groups. The harvestable size falls just below the ...