DNA topology has fundamental control over the ability of transcription factors to access their target DNA sites at gene promoters. However, the influence of DNA topology on protein-DNA and protein-protein interactions is poorly understood. For example, relaxation of DNA supercoiling strongly induces the well-studied pathogenicity gene ssrA (also called spiR) in Salmonella enterica, but neither ...

A novel filarial serine protease inhibitor (SPI) from the human parasitic nematode Onchocerca volvulus, Ov-SPI-1, was identified through the analysis of a molting third-stage larvae expressed sequence tag dataset. Subsequent analysis of the expressed sequence tag datasets of O. volvulus and other filariae identified four other members of this family. These proteins are related to the low molecu...

Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) that act as regulators of gene expression have been identified in all kingdoms of life, including microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA) in eukaryotic cells. Numerous sRNAs identified in Salmonella are encoded by genes located at Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) that are commonly found in pathogenic strains. Whether these sRNAs are important for ...

BACKGROUND Most patients initially seen with a clinical syndrome consistent with a small-penetrator infarct (SPI) also harbor multiple, chronic, hyperintense, white matter lesions on conventional magentic resonance imaging (ie, T2-weighted image [T2WI] and fluid-attenuation inversion recovery [FLAIR] imaging). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can identify the clinically relevant "index infarcti...

Background: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) is a human and animal pathogen that causes gastroenteritis characterized by inflammatory diarrhea and occasionally an invasive systemic infection. Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) are horizontally acquired genomic segments known to contribute to Salmonella pathogenesis. The objective of the current study was to determin...

It is a good practice to follow common guidelines in the computation of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) data sets as part operational drought monitoring systems. In European Drought Observatory (https://edo.jrc.ec.europa.eu/), reference statistics are computed following World Meteorological Organization Guidelines on Calculation Climate Normals, where definition period for applications i...

Drought is a meteorological and hydrological phenomenon affecting the environment, agriculture, socioeconomic conditions, especially in arid semi-arid regions. A better understanding of drought characteristics over short long timescales therefore crucial for mitigation long-term strategies. For first time, this study evaluates occurrence, duration, intensity Republic Djibouti by using (1961–202...

O objetivo desse trabalho é identificar as causas climáticas dos eventos extremos ocorridos nas macrorregiões de Alagoas, e ao mesmo tempo, comparar os efeitos ENOS Canônico Modoki suas classes sobre alagoanas. Os dados precipitação diária 21 municípios do Estado Alagoas foram obtidos através da Agência Nacional Águas com período 1963 a 2014. EN Fracos promoveram aumento chuvas na região Leste....

started in 2003 led to a 15% reduction in salt intake during the next eight years and other countries like Finland, Portugal, and Japan have had similar results [10]. American recommendations advise less than 5.8 g/day of salt and even lower for those at higher risk of CVD. The average consumption among US adults is 10.4 g/day for men and 7.3 g/day for women. It has been estimated that a popula...