Biofouling is the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, plants, algae and animals on submerged structures especially ship hulls. Biofouling also occurs on the surface of living marine organisms. It is also found on membrane systems such as membrane bioreactors and reverse osmosis spiral wound membranes. In the same manner, it is found in cooling water cycles of large industrial equipments...

Chromium (Cr) is the most important element used to leather industry is still considered to be the most important industries which pollute the environment by chromium metal. Removal of heavy metals dissolved at low concentrations in water and wastewaters is often a problem that can be solved in different ways. This paper describes a study conducted to determine the recovery of chromium from tan...

photorefractive keratectomy is a preprogrammed surface corneal refractive ablation which is aimed to reduce or eliminate myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism through the removal of the corneal surface epithelium and basement membrane and the application of excimer laser photoablation to bowman membrane and anterior stroma. the epithelium then begins to cover the wound, in direct contact with the an...

Cellular wound healing, enabling the repair of membrane damage, is ubiquitous in eukaryotes. One aspect of the wound healing response is the redirection of a polarized cytoskeleton and the secretory machinery to the damage site. Although there has been recent progress in identifying conserved proteins involved in wound healing, the mechanisms linking these components into a coherent response ar...

PURPOSE To determine the distribution of type XVIII collagen in mouse ocular tissues and to investigate the expression of type XVIII collagen during healing of corneal incisions and keratectomy wounds. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis of type XVIII collagen was performed in mouse ocular tissue, with polyclonal antibodies to the hinge domain. For wound-healing experiments, excimer laser ke...

Spiral gravity separators are devices used in mineral processing to separate particles based on their specific gravity or size. The spiral geometry allows for the simultaneous application of gravitational and centripetal forces on the particles, which leads to segregation of particles. However, this segregation mechanism is not fundamentally understood, and the spiral separator literatures does...

Gojova, Andrea, and Abdul I. Barakat. Vascular endothelial wound closure under shear stress: role of membrane fluidity and flow-sensitive ion channels. J Appl Physiol 98: 2355–2362, 2005. First published February 10, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01136.2004.— Sufficiently rapid healing of vascular endothelium following injury is essential for preventing further pathological complications. Rece...

A finite element based numerical model has been employed to describe momentum and mass transfer in open and spacer-filled crossflow membrane channels. Simulations considering operating conditions typical of seawater (SW), brackish water (BW), and reuse water (RW) reverse osmosis (RO) applications are employed for optimization of hypothetical spiral wound element feed spacer designs. Preliminary...

The bacterial MreB actin cytoskeleton is required for cell shape maintenance in most non-spherical organisms. In rod-shaped cells such as Escherichia coli, it typically assembles along the long axis in a spiral-like configuration just underneath the cytoplasmic membrane. How this configuration is controlled and how it helps dictate cell shape is unclear. In a new genetic screen for cell shape m...