e read with interest the insightful and balanced perspective put orth by Dr. DeMaria concerning the collective futures of specialsts involved in the care of patients with cardiovascular disease (1). lthough we agree that as new technologies are introduced and ecome incorporated into the care of patients there will be a ontinued blurring of traditional boundaries between specialists, e also beli...

Many natural and artificial systems can be described abstractly as a collection of interacting entities that must meet two requirements for survival. First, entities must maintain their individual viability through some homeostatic process that consumes resources obtained from other entities in their environment. Additionally, the system must produce a pattern of resource flows among entities t...

The American Academy of Pediatrics, with the collaboration of the Surgical Sections of the American Academy of Pediatrics, has created referral recommendations intended to serve as voluntary practice parameters to assist general pediatricians in determining when and to whom to refer their patients for pediatric surgical specialty care. It is recognized that these recommendations may be difficul...

Medical care for special needs patients historically has been the domain of the pediatrician. However, now that people with a wide range of conditions are more often living into adulthood, internists need to assume care for an increasing number of special needs adults. In an effort to improve health outcomes for this vulnerable segment of the population, internal medicine residents need to have...

in this paper, we aresupposed to introduce the definitions of n-fold commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals. these definitions are thegeneralizations of the definitions of commutative, andimplicative hyper k-ideals, respectively, which have been definedin [12]. then we obtain some related results. in particular wedetermine the relationships between n-fold implicative hyperk-ideal and n-fold...