abstractâ in this study, for spatial-temporal analyzing of cyclones in 1376, the spatial range of 30 to 80 degrees of east longitude and 0 to 80 degrees of north latitude and geo potential data with 2/ 5* 2 / 5 degrees of networking in arc levels of 1000, 925, 850, 700, 600 and 500 hpa have been used. these data are extracted for six hours (00, 06, 12, 18 zulu) database (ncep / ncar). so that, ...

We present a spatial natural language generation system to create captions that describe the geographical context of geo-referenced photos. An analysis of existing photo captions was used to design templates representing typical caption language patterns, while the results of human subject experiments were used to create field-based spatial models of the applicability of some commonly used spat...

this paper is an attempt to explore the prepositions used to encode the agent in persian passive constructions. according to givón (1983) the main function of the passive constructions is to defocus the agent. as the general trend in persian is to omit this defocused agent, we will stylistically divide the passive constructions into two main sub branches, namely unmarked and marked passives acc...

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of picture-based vs. context-base method onIranian intermediate EFL learners' knowledge of prepositions. The main question this study triedto answer were whether using picture-based vs. context-based method might enhance higherknowledge of prepositions in Iranian learners of English at intermediate level. To answer thequestions, 45 intermediate ...

In text, temporal relations between events can be signalled in several ways; among them are speciic lexical items, here called temporal discourse markers. We analyse the semantics of about 20 German subordinating conjunctions and prepositions and transfer these ndings to a sentence generation framework that uses a dedicated discourse marker lexicon for producing complex sentences. After discuss...

this study investigated the effect of applying the dynamic system theory (dst) and cognitive linguistics (cl) insights into grammar instruction on efl learners’ learning of english prepositions and learner autonomy. sixty iranian efl learners at the lower-intermediate level of language proficiency were randomly assigned to 1 experimental and 1 control group. the 2 groups filled out an autonomy ...

The current study examines the impact of different task types on learning prepositions in form and meaning- focused interaction enhancement- based classes. The participants were 57 second Year University students enrolled in three intact lab classes at Tabriz Islamic Azad University.  The first group was provided with form-focused interaction enhancement, the second with the meaning-focused int...

background: in recent times, the decreasing groundwater reserves due to over-consumption of water resources and the unprecedented reduction of precipitation, during the past 1 decades, have resulted in a change in the volume and quality of water with time. the aim of this study was to determine the spatial and temporal variations of hardness and total dissolved solids in drinking water resource...