Sonography is the only medical imaging modality aboard the ISS, and is likely to remain the leading imaging modality in future human space flight programs. While trauma sonography (TS) has been well recognized for terrestrial trauma settings, the technique had to be evaluated for suitability in space flight prior to adopting it as an operational capability. The authors found the following four-...

BACKGROUND Increases in stored iron and dietary intake of iron during space flight have raised concern about the risk of excess iron and oxidative damage, particularly in bone. OBJECTIVES The objectives of this study were to perform a comprehensive assessment of iron status in men and women before, during, and after long-duration space flight and to quantify the association of iron status wit...

This mixed methods study examined the effect of Astronaut Challenge, an immersive, flight-simulation-based learning program, on the collaborative learning process and science knowledge development of high-school students (9 graders). The study findings suggested that simulation-based collaborative learning activities promoted students’ scientific understanding about the dynamics of the space fl...

The 4 payload crew members of the Spacelab Life Sciences 9-day space flight in 1991 were subjected to limited vestibular testing in flight as well as pre and post flight. Major differences in individual "perceptual style" appeared in their reaction to the visual-vestibular stimuli in the rotating dome experiment, and especially in the extent to which nondirectional tactile cues served to anchor...

BACKGROUND The environment of spaceflight may elevate an astronaut's clinical risk for specific diseases. The purpose of this study was to derive, as accurately as currently possible, an assessment of in-flight clinical "incidence" data, based on observed clinical symptoms in astronauts on board the International Space Station (ISS). METHODS Electronic medical records were examined from 46 lo...

A flight test article, called a glove, is required for a Mach-8 boundary-layer experiment to be conducted on a flight mission of the air-launched Pegasus® space booster. The glove is required to provide a smooth, threedimensional, structurally stable, aerodynamic surface and includes instrumentation to determine when and where boundary-layer transition occurs during the hypersonic flight trajec...

High Altitude Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA, Goddard Space Flight Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), Greenbelt, MD, USA, 3 Air Force Research Labs, Kirtland Air Force Base, Albuquerque, NM, USA, Department of Physics, Metro State University Denver, Denver, CO, USA, Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, US...

The current technological and organizational configuration of the Mission Control Center (MCC) at Johnson Space Center (JSC) has been a mainstay of NASA’s approach to human space flight. MCC represents a unique combination of traditional command and control approaches to supervisory control, and a set of highly experienced, team-based coordinated experts conducting distributed supervisory coord...

A time-of-flight mass spectrometer (TOF-MS) developed in our laboratory at Isfahan University of Technology is described here. The TOF-MS instrument uses laser as the ionization source which provides an opportunity to investigate the ions formed in laser ablation or desorption. The TOF-MS has an ionization chamber containing an accelerator and an ion lens to focus the ions into a one meter line...