10

General nutritional strategies to promote whole body protein retention, particularly with relation to exercise, have been largely based on adult research that does not consider the dynamic process of growth and often ignores scenarios commonly experienced by children (e.g., exercise in the heat). Therefore, the aim of the present review is to highlight the importance of post-exercise protein qu...

1. Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago. 920 E 58th St, CLSC 317. Chicago, IL, 60637, USA 2. Present address: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 31 Ames Street, 68-271A. Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA 3. Present address: Department of Evolutionary Anthropology and Duke Population Research Institute, Duke University. 125 Science Drive, Durham, NC 27708, USA.

We analyse a simple kinase model that exhibits bistability when there is no protein turnover, and show analytically that the property of being bistable is not necessarily conserved when degradation and synthesis of the kinase are taken into account.

In cell signaling systems, the abundances of signaling molecules are generally thought to determine the response to stimulation. However, the kinetics of molecular processes, for example receptor trafficking and protein turnover, may also play an important role. Few studies have systematically examined this relationship between the resting state and stimulus-responsiveness. Fewer still have inv...

Marchesi, V. T., Furthrnayr, H. & Tornita, M. (1976) Annu. Rev. Biochmr. 45, 667-698 Mescher, M. F. & Strominger, J. L. (1976) J. Biol. Chenz. 251, 2005-2014 Nowacki, T. P., Kobiler, D., Roel, L. E. & Barondes, S. H. (1977) J . B id . Cheni. 252,6026-6030 Rosen, S. D., Chang, C.-M. &Barondes, S. H. (1977) Dev. Biol. 61, 202-213 Shur, B. D. & Roth, S. (1975) Biochirn. Biophys. Actu 415, 473-512 ...

The Hsp70 co-chaperone CHIP has recently gained attention as a regulator of protein turnover. CHIP has now been reported to be a component of the ubiquitination cascade, specifically an E3 ligase. CHIP appears to be part of a system that diverts incorrectly folded proteins from chaperones to the proteasome.

soil is one of the main non-renewable natural resources in the world and its degradation is considered as a major threat around the globe because it reduces the productivity capacity of soil variability and makes the environment instable in the long turn. soil degradation has three different aspects: physical, chemical and biological degradation. if any of these aspects of the destruction of th...