Despite the low nutrient level and constant presence of secondary disinfectants, bacterial re-growth still occurs in drinking water distribution systems. The molecular mechanisms that starved bacteria use to survive low-level chlorine-based disinfectants are not well understood. The objective of this study is to investigate these molecular mechanisms at the protein level that prepare starved ce...

OBJECTIVE. Effective disinfection of hospital rooms after discharge of patients with Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is necessary to prevent transmission. We evaluated the impact of sequential cleaning and disinfection interventions by culturing high-touch surfaces in CDI rooms after cleaning. DESIGN. Prospective intervention. SETTING. A Veterans Affairs hospital. INTERVENTIONS. During a ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare microwave disinfection with chemical disinfection of dental gypsum casts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 120 casts were prepared from a silicone mold using Type III dental stone. Of the 120 casts, 60 casts were contaminated with 1 ml suspension of Staphylococcus aureus and 60 casts were contaminated with 1 ml suspension of Pseudom...

This review presents an update describing binary and ternary semiconductors involving interfacial charge transfer (IFCT) in composites made up by TiO2, CuO, Ag2O Fe2O3 used microbial disinfection (bacteria viruses). The mechanism, kinetics generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) solution under solar/visible light are discussed. surface properties the photocatalysts their active catalytic si...

Thorough hand disinfection in hospitals is essential to prevent nosocomial infections. Health care workers are trained and instructed on when and how to use hand sanitizers during apprenticeship training and continuing education, but up to now there is no automatic system to give immediate feedback about the quality of a hand disinfection in daily clinical routine. We propose a method that is c...

Cleaning and disinfection of surfaces which have been in contact with animals, poultry or organic material is a vital element in controlling bacterial and viral diseases, and ensuring the wholesomeness and safety of foods. The thoroughness of pre-disinfection cleaning is the most important determinant of the efficacy of disinfection processes. Disinfectant users and officials responsible for th...

Despite regular disinfection and decontamination of the hospital floors and surfaces, resistant pathogens from the hospital surfaces and their transmission to humans have been reported recently. The resistance of pathogens to the disinfectant agents or failed disinfection techniques have put the routine floor and non-critical surface disinfection done in hospitals into question with regard to t...

To the best of our knowledge, there was little information available on pathogen removal using low level disinfectant followed by free chlorine in sequential disinfection (SD). This study investigated Escherichia coli inactivation by four types of disinfection: single step disinfection (SSD), SD, traditional sequential disinfection (TSD) and mixed disinfectant disinfection (MDD). Results indica...

Disinfection by-products were determined in 15 water treatment plants in Beijing City. The effects of different water sources (surface water source, mixture water source and ground water source), seasonal variation and spatial variation were examined. Trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids were the major disinfection by-products found in all treated water samples, which accounted for 42.6% and 38...

Photocatalysis process has emerged as a prompt method for wastewater treatment and microbial disinfection. The development of visible light active (VLA) photocatalysts, especially Blue LED (BLA) is challenge task the current research scenario towards pollutants degradation real treatment. Here, we have developed material which highly under LED. BiOX (X = I or Cl) modified Na-K2Ti6O13 with two c...