We consider a ring of strongly interacting electrons connected to two external leads by tunnel junctions. By studying the positions of conductance resonances as a function of gate voltage and magnetic flux the interaction parameter g can be determined experimentally. For a finite ring the minimum conductance is strongly influenced by device geometry and electron-electron interactions. In partic...

To study the influence of shield excavation on surrounding soil, and to control subway tunnel surface settlement deformation buildings, it is necessary additional stress soil caused by law settlement. Combined with a construction project tunnel, this article uses Mindlin solution in elastic mechanics obtain three-dimensional calculation formulas for thrust cutter head displacement field frictio...

this paper presents the numerical analysis of seismic soil-pile-superstructure interaction in soft clay using free-field soil analysis and beam on winkler foundation approach. this model is developed to compute the nonlinear response of single piles under seismic loads, based on one-dimensional finite element formulation. the parameters of the proposed model are calibrated by fitting the experi...

The face stability of shallow tunnels was investigated with small-scale model experiments at single gravity. Aim of the research was to detect the evolution of failure mechanisms in dense and loose soil samples with varying overburden above the tunnel. Moreover, the quality of proposed theoretical/numerical approaches for the determination of a necessary support pressure pf was assessed. The re...

conclusions bacillus thuringiensis is very sensitive to the interaction of p. fluorescens, however is capable to survive in soil due to its capacity of sporulate. some of the cells in the form of spores germinated and folded slightly and remained in a constant cycle of sporulation and germination. this confirms that b. thuringiensis ips82 can germinate, grow and sporulate in soil. results the a...

Forecasting the effects of climate change on nitrogen (N) cycling in pastures requires an understanding of changes in tissue N. We examined the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration, atmospheric warming and simulated grazing (clipping frequency) on aboveground and belowground tissue N concentrations and C : N ratios of a C3 pasture grass. Phalaris aquatica L. cv. 'Holdfast' was grow...

Even if numerous studies were dedicated to propose soil-structure interaction analysis methods, most of these methods introduce several assumptions to circumvent the difficulties encountered in modeling and reduce computational efforts. The complex spatial configuration of the soil-foundation interface or the distribution of the soil medium are often simplified using flat-layered soil profiles ...

Shrub encroachment in arid and semiarid rangelands, a worldwide phenomenon, results in a heterogeneous landscape characterized by a mosaic of nutrient-depleted barren soil bordered by nutrient-enriched shrubby areas known as ‘‘fertile islands.’’ Even though shrub encroachment is considered as a major contributor to rangeland degradation, little is known about mechanisms favoring the reversibili...

Realistic 3D simulations of the tunnelling process are increasingly required to investigate the interactions between machine-driven tunnel construction and the surrounding soil in order to provide reliable estimates of the expected settlements and associated risks of damage for existing structures, in particular in urban tunnelling projects. To accomplish the step from large-scale computational...