It has been observed that storage of softwoods in water often serves to increase their permeability to subsequent treatment with preservatives. Vasil’ev (1965), Ellwood & Ecklund (1959), Lutz e t a / . (1966) and Dunleavy & Fogarty (1971a, 1972) all associated microbial activity with this process. Dunleavy & McQuire (1970) have established that during water storage of Sitka spruce (Picea sitche...

Wood is a porous three dimensional, hydroscopic, viscoelastic, anisotropic bio-polymer composite composed of an interconnecting matrix of cellulose, hemicelluloses and lignin with minor amounts of inorganic elements and organic extractives. Some, but not all, of the cell wall polymer hydroxyl groups are accessible to moisture and these accessible hydroxyls form hydrogen bonds with water. As the...

The fact that the supply of southern pine timber is changing to include more lower quality plantation stock may provide incentive for utilizing lower density hardwoods for structural lumber. Yellow-poplar and sweetgum are potential substitutes for southern pine. A major problem in utilizing soft hardwoods for structural lumber is the difficulties associated with drying. A study of the grade dis...

It would be valuable economically to know what are the biological triggers for formation of mature wood (currently of high value) and (or) what maintains production of juvenile wood (currently of low value), to develop silvicultural regimes that control the relative production of the two types of wood. Foresters commonly assume the bole of softwoods produces juvenile wood within the crown and m...

We conducted a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of ethanol production via bioconversion of willow biomass crop feedstock. Willow crop data were used to assess feedstock production impacts. The bioconversion process was modeled with an Aspen simulation that predicts an overall conversion yield of 310 liters of ethanol per tonne of feedstock (74 gal per US short ton). Vehicle combustion impacts were a...

The FTM-West (“Fuel Treatment Market” model for U.S. West) is a dynamic partial market equilibrium model of regional softwood timber and wood product markets, designed to project future market impacts of expanded fuel treatment programs that remove trees to reduce fire hazard on forestlands in the U.S. West. The model solves sequentially the annual equilibria in wood markets over a historical p...

Demographic and physical factors influencing the conversion of commercial timberland in the south to nonforestry uses between the last two Forest Inventory Analysis (FIA) surveys were investigated. GIS techniques linked Census data and FIA plot level data. Multinomial logit regression identified factors associated with losses to the timberland base. Conversion to agricultural uses represented t...

An input-output analysis using IMPLAN was employed to quantify the incremental contributions of timber harvests to the regional economies of the South and Pacific Northwest United States. The primary objective was to compare the economic impacts of a one-million board foot (MMBF) change in harvest on the respective regional economies. Output, value added, personal income, and employment multipl...

•Efficient approach to increase and tune the triboelectric polarity of native wood•Wood scaffolds are functionalized with ZIF-8 PDMS•Wide selection parameters allows tuning output•Demonstration functional wood TENGs suitable for large-scale applications The energy efficiency buildings could be strongly improved by enabling building materials convert their occupants' mechanical directly into use...

The globalization of the pulp and paper industry is a relatively new phenomenon that has been a harbinger of change and opportunities. Today’s paper industry employs advanced chemicaland mechanical-based technologies to provide high-quality consumer products that are in worldwide demand and support the lifestyles of our new global economy. And yet, from these successes arise many of the current...