Childhood circumstances such as socio-economic status and family structure have been found to influence psychological, psychosocial attributes and Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) in children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the published literature to assess the influence of parental Socio-Economic Status (SES) and home environment on children...

BACKGROUND Ethnic diversity is increasing through migration in many developed countries. Evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) prevalence varies by ethnicity and socio-economic status (SES), and that in many settings, migrants experience a disproportionate burden of disease compared with locally-born groups. Given Australia's multicultural demography, we sought to identify gro...

The main aim of the study is to examine the changes in the strength of the effects of socio-economic status (SES) on reading achievement at the school, class and individual levels over the last decade in Sweden. This aim is pursued through comparisons between the IEA Reading Literacy Study 1991 (RL 1991) and the repetition of this study in the so called the 10-Year Trend Study (RL 2001). Three ...

OBJECTIVE To describe patterns of food consumption associated with overweight/obesity (OW/OB) and their links to socio-economic status (SES) and urbanization. DESIGN A nationwide cross-sectional survey. SETTING Secondary schools in cities, towns and villages in Botswana, Africa. SUBJECTS A total of 746 adolescent schoolchildren. RESULTS OW/OB is associated with greater SES, city residen...

PURPOSE To estimate the prevalence and causes of blindness and visual impairment in Cape Town, South Africa and to explore socio-economic and demographic predictors of vision loss in this setting. METHODS A cross sectional population-based survey was conducted in Cape Town. Eighty-two clusters were selected using probability proportionate to size sampling. Within each cluster 35 or 40 people ...

The Agincourt Health and Demographic Surveillance System has since 2001 conducted a biannual household asset survey in order to quantify household socio-economic status (SES) in a rural population living in northeast South Africa. The survey contains binary, ordinal and nominal items. In the absence of income or expenditure data, the SES landscape in the study population is explored and describ...

In Germany, a biennial preventive health check-up has been available for individuals aged 35 and older since 1989. The check-up includes identification of cardiovascular disease risk factors and examinations for diabetes mellitus type 2 and kidney disease. Participation in preventive health check-ups among 19,351 women aged 35 to 74 in Germany in 2004 was investigated. Logistic regression was p...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD) is a health threat, particularly at younger ages. The study aimed to quantify transition probabilities (TPs) between abstinence, use of alcohol, RSOD and frequent RSOD, and to understand how TPs are associated with key demographic factors. DESIGN Cohort study (baseline, two follow-ups). A Markov model was fitted to estimate annual TPs ...

Health inequality exists in this world, across, within, and between every society and in every State. These inequalities manifest themselves in a number of ways, including but not limited to malnutrition levels, chronic diseases such as diabetes, access to fresh foods, rates of incarceration, and exposure to environmental hazards. There is an association between a lower Socio-Economic Status (S...