PURPOSE Scientific research originating from Brazil appears to be rising in several medical fields. Research results are often presented at scientific meetings before publication in peer-reviewed journals. We investigated the publication rate of Brazilian studies presented in American Urological Association (AUA) meetings and compared with the rate of publication of Brazilian oncological studie...

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PURPOSE The aim of this study was to determine the trends in urological publications from 1996 to 2010. METHODS We retrieved as many urology-related articles as possible from Medline articles between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2010, and attempted to retrieve as many urology articles as possible from all Medline recorded journals (urology-specific and non-urology-specific journals indiscri...

Fetal brain injury resulting from hypoxia and ischemia during labor remains an important cause of death and long-term disability. However, little is known about fetal brain oxygenation and hemodynamics. There are currently no satisfactory clinical techniques for fetal monitoring and there remains a need for a new method to assess brain oxygenation. Fetal near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a n...

Although varicocele repair is widely used as a treatment for male infertility, the effectiveness of varicocelectomy has been a focus of intense debate for nearly 50 years. A number of conflicting reports in the literature has resulted in divergent guidelines by various professional groups. The American Urological Association (AUA) and the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) recomm...

Having a good length function on a group is the main ingredient in a recent combined memory/length approach to solving random equations in that group. Currently, the groups of greatest interest in this respect are Artin’s braid groups. We demonstrate, by a series of experiments, that a length function based on the Birman-Ko-Lee presentation of the braid group is substantially better than the co...

The problem of Π1−separating the hierarchy of bounded arithmetic has been studied in the paper. It is shown that the notion of Herbrand Consistency, in its full generality, cannot Π1−separate the theory I∆0 + ∧ j Ωj from I∆0; though it can Π1−separate I∆0 + Exp from I∆0. This extends a result of L. A. Ko lodziejczyk (2006), by showing the unprovability of the Herbrand Consistency of I∆0 in the ...

When writing can change your life, when writing can enrich you by offering much money, why don't you try it? Are you still very confused of where getting the ideas? Do you still have no idea with what you are going to write? Now, you will need reading. A good writer is a good reader at once. You can define how you write depending on what books to read. This communications and networking in educ...