Social welfare is one of the accepted goals of the United States and of the entire free world. Great interest attaches, therefore, both in this country and elsewhere, to the status of social wegare programs in the United States today. The standard of living and general welfare of the American people derive from the multiform activities of a free people, working individually, through voluntary g...

extended abstract 1. introduction security is the most important factor for improving of a city and it’s the initial needs of human. security and developing are mutual relationship that derived from planning and city management. insecurity feeling in the urban area, the activities of human have been eclipsed and economic, cultural, social acts couldn’t be done easily .however security is necess...

The Irish Social Welfare System has developed in a piecemeal manner over three quarters of a century since the introduction of the old age non-contributory pension in 1909 It has developed along lines broadly similar to the social security systems in other countries Increasingly, there has been an emphasis on developing the social insurance element although Ireland still relies on means-tested ...

In this paper I discuss the role a progressive income tax system and a redistributive pay as you go (PAYGO) social security system can play in insuring and reallocating idiosyncratic as well as aggregate risk. I also argue that the underlying source of market failures generating such a role for government intervention may be crucial when determining the normative consequences of such social ins...

We examine the effects of disaggregated government expenditure on investment using fixedand random-effect methods. Using the government budget constraint, we explore the effects of taxand debt-financed expenditure for the full sample, and for sub-samples of developed and developing countries. In general, tax-financed government expenditure crowds out more investment than debtfinanced expenditur...

The function of the social insurance system as a key part of the modern social security system is reflected in the operation of social insurance funds. The mode of social insurance funds forms the foundation for the social insurance system. To address the pressure of an aging population and to meet the demands of the rapid development of the capital market (especially in international capital f...

This paper presents a unified analytical framework for the analysis of social security reform. It discusses reform along two dimensions: Pay-As-You-Go versus fully funded on the one hand, and actuarial versus non-actuarial on the other. Making the system more actuarial entails a trade-off between less distorted work incentives and intra-generational redistribution. Increasing the degree of fund...