We compute the spectra and fluxes of the velocity and temperature fields in Rayleigh-Bénard convection in turbulent regime for a wide range of Prandtl numbers using pseudospectral simulations on 512(3) grids. Our spectral and flux results support the Kolmogorov-Obukhov (KO) scaling for zero Prandtl number and low Prandtl number (P=0.02) convection. The KO scaling for the velocity field in zero-...

A variety of assays for the diagnosis human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection have been reported. We compared several such assays with a panel of 88 specimens from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) (current-KS patients; n = 30), HIV-infected patients who later developed KS (later-KS patients; n = 13), HIV-infected patients without KS (no-KS patients; ...

Various theoretical uncertainties in the standard solar model and in the Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) analysis are discussed. It is shown that two methods of estimating the solar neutrino flux uncertainties are equivalent: (a) a simple parametrization of the uncertainties using the core temperature and the nuclear production cross sections; (b) the Monte Carlo method of Bahcall and Ulrich...

The MSW (Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein) effect is the effect of transformation of one neutrino species (flavor) into another one in a medium with varying density. Three basic elements of the effect include: the refraction of neutrinos in matter, the resonance (level crossing) and the adiabaticity. The key notion is the neutrino eigenstates in matter. Physical picture of the effect is described i...

We construct a Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for the null hypothesis that the average treatment effect is non-negative conditional on all possible values of the covariates. The null hypothesis of our interest can be characterized as a conditional moment inequality under the unconfoundedness assumption, and we employ the instrumental variable method to convert the conditional moment inequality into un...

Age structure data is essential for single species stock assessments but length-frequency data can provide complementary information. In south-western Australia, the majority of these data for exploited species are derived from line caught fish. However, baited remote underwater stereo-video systems (stereo-BRUVS) surveys have also been found to provide accurate length measurements. Given that ...

Let ~o denote an arbitrary non-parametric unbiased test for a Gaussian shift given by an infinite dimensional parameter space. Then it is shown that the curvature of its power function has a principal component decomposition based on a Hilbert Schmidt operator. Thus every test has reasonable curvature only for a finite number of orthogonal directions of alternatives. As application the two-side...

We present an updated analysis of the solar neutrino problem in terms of both Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) and vacuum neutrino oscillations , with the inclusion of the preliminary data collected by the Su-perKamiokande experiment during 306.3 days of operation. In particular, the observed energy spectrum of the recoil electrons from 8 B neutrino scattering is discussed in detail and is us...

The two possible Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein (MSW) solutions of the solar neutrino problem (one at small and the other at large mixing angle), up to now tested mainly through absolute neutrino ux measurements, require ux-independent tests both for a decisive connrmation and for their discrimination. To this end, we perform a joint analysis of various ux-independent observables that can be meas...