In Scandinavia, three gradients (poor–rich, water table, margin–expanse) are considered in vegetation classification of mires. We re-analysed the data Paavo Havas from 1961 on sloping fens eastern Finland using NMDS ordination analysis, which also revealed a three-dimensional structure classic gradients, with poor–rich gradient associated pH. Water table level, and unstable–stable regime were i...

The most common form of onsite domestic wastewater treatment in the United States is the septic system. Although the design of these systems has been well established, no systematic evaluation of septic system performance exists for sloping hardpan soils. In this paper, we develop a simple hydrologic model for assessing the probability of failure for a set of hydrologic conditions, septic loadi...

= ∂f ∂t2 for x > 0, in which Y (x, t) denotes an unknown variable, f (x, t) a prescribed forcing function and b a positive constant. This equation has been used to describe landslidegenerated tsunamis and also long waves induced by moving atmospheric pressure distributions. We discuss particular and general solutions. We then compare our results with numerical solutions of the same equation and...

[1] We describe laboratory experiments of granular material flowing over an inclined plane covered by an erodible bed, designed to mimic erosion processes of natural flows travelling over deposits built up by earlier events. Two controlling parameters are the inclination of the plane and the thickness of the erodible layer. We show that erosion processes can increase the flowmobility (i.e., run...