OBJECTIVES Despite sleep disturbances being a central complaint in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), evidence of objective sleep abnormalities from over 30 studies is inconsistent. The present study aimed to identify whether sleep-specific phenotypes exist in CFS and explore objective characteristics that could differentiate phenotypes, while also being relevant to routine clinical ...

Introduction: The current pandemic has caused several social and behavioural changes at a national level. These had negative impact on mental health sleep quality. Sleep is one of the main regulators repairers body involved in both cognition memory as well immunity hormonal balance. Objective: This study seeks to identify disorders aggravated by COVID-19 Pandemic their consequences population. ...

To understand sleep mechanisms and develop treatments for sleep disorders, investigations using animal models are essential. The sleep architecture of rodents differs from that of diurnal mammals including humans and non-human primates. Sleep studies have been conducted in non-human primates; however, these sleep assessments were performed on animals placed in a restraint chair connected via th...

A spatially confined stability analysis is reported for the cylinder wake at Reynolds numbers 190 and 260. The two three-dimensional instabilities at these Reynolds numbers are shown to be driven by the flow just behind the cylinder.

Orexin-producing neurons are clearly essential for the regulation of wakefulness and sleep as loss of these cells produces narcolepsy. However, little is understood about how these neurons dynamically interact with other wakeand sleep-regulatory nuclei to control behavioral states. Using survival analysis of wake bouts in wild type and orexin knockout mice, we found that orexins are necessary f...

Orexin-producing neurons are clearly essential for the regulation of wakefulness and sleep because loss of these cells produces narcolepsy. However, little is understood about how these neurons dynamically interact with other wake- and sleep-regulatory nuclei to control behavioral states. Using survival analysis of wake bouts in wild-type and orexin knockout mice, we found that orexins are nece...

We assessed 513 children (2-6 y = 252; 7-12 y = 261) who visited the pediatric outpatient of a rural medical college hospital, for sleep problems using BEARS tool. Sleep problems detected in the BEARS domains for preschool (2-6 years, n=252) and school children (7-12 years, n=261) were as follows: bedtime problems (33.3%vs 14.9% P< 0.001), excessive daytime sleepiness (32.5%vs 1.9% P<0.001), aw...

The neurobiology of sleep is introduced in the context of interacting wake and sleep systems. Specifically, the transitions from wake to sleep and from non-rapid eye movement to rapid eye movement sleep are discussed based on the flip-flop switch hypothesis. Regulation of wake and sleep according to the opposing homeostatic and circadian systems are also presented.