Distinguishing between benign and malignant neoplasms of the skin is a daily challenge to dermatologists. With the use of a dermatoscope and other imaging devices, the diagnosis is often more precise. The confocal microscope is a device that uses a near-infrared laser to perform noninvasive imaging of the skin. The benefit is that the images immediately provide additional, cellular-level inform...

Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antineoplastic drug used in the treatment of chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). HU is associated with cutaneous adverse effects, whereas severe complications such as leg ulcers and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are rare and only observed after long-term treatment. We herein report a patient with essential thrombocythemia (ET) treated chronically with HU, and...

Non-melanoma skin cancers, including basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are most frequently observed neoplasms worldwide. Their incidence has steadily been growing. Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is more common than basal cell carcinoma in dark complexion individuals. Every year, more than one million new cases of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are identified in the United St...

Carney complex is an autosomal dominant disorder that occurs due to a mutation in PRKAR1A, which encodes protein kinase A. The clinical features are multiple endocrine gland neoplasms, skin tumors, pigmented skin lesions, myxomas, and schwannomas. In Carney complex, the cardiac myxoma is a common co-morbidity. It occurs in multiples, during young age, regardless of gender and cardiac chamber an...

Primary cutaneous lymphomas (CLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative neoplasms, with lymphatic proliferation limited to the skin with no involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow or viscera at the diagnosis. Cutaneous lymphomas originate from mature T-lymphocytes (65% of all cases), mature B-lymphocytes (25%) or NK cells. Histopathological evaluation including immunophenotyping of t...

Background & Objective: This study was designed for the first time for the detection of mutant BRAF V600E and its correlation with clinicophathologic features in a sample of Iranian patients with pathologically proved pigmented skin neoplasms.Methods: 82 paraffin-embedded blocks, including melanocytic nevi, malignant melanoma, Basel cell carcinoma, and sq...

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common non-melanoma skin cancers, Giant variant of BCCs are a rare cutaneous neoplasms. The most important risk factors for skin cancers are ultraviolet (UV) exposure. We report the case of a 69-year-old men presented with pruritus, bleeding, focal ulcerated, large multinodular lesion symptoms and findings in the temporal region of the scalp. Grossly, ther...

The incidence of skin cancer is increasing by epidemic proportions. Basal cell cancer remains the most common skin neoplasm, and simple excision is generally curative. Squamous cell cancers may be preceded by actinic keratoses-premalignant lesions that are treated with cryotherapy, excision, curettage or topical 5-fluorouracil. While squamous cell carcinoma is usually easily cured with local ex...

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a modern, non-invasive diagnostic method that enables real-time imaging of epidermis and upper layers of the dermis with a nearly histological precision and high contrast. The application of this technology in skin imaging in the last few years has resulted in the progress of dermatological diagnosis, providing virtual access to the living skin erasing t...