OBJECTIVE There is increasing evidence that the school food environment contributes to childhood obesity and health in various locations. We investigated the influence of fast-food stores and convenience food stores (FS and CS, respectively) on growth and body composition in a range of residential densities for North-east Asian food culture. DESIGN Anthropometrics and birth weight of schoolch...

The article presents gender and age-specific selected anthropometric data for a representative sample of elderly Brazilians in the city of São Paulo. This was a cross-sectional, population-based household survey. A total of 1,894 older adults (men and women, > 60 years) were examined from January to March 2001. Data were presented as means and percentiles for body mass (BM); height or stature (...

The aging process leads to biological changes that affect the physical performance and nutritional status of older adults. The objective this study is to determine the association between physical performance and anthropometric and body composition variables in the elderly. This is a cross-sectional study. Were assessed: sex, age, handgrip strength (HGS), flexibility/mobility, balance, body mas...

Central fat deposition is associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality in women. Subcutaneous fat distribution was investigated as a potential factor that might exacerbate diet-induced coronary artery atherosclerosis (CAA) in female cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) which share with North American Caucasian women a gender-related protection against CAA...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effects of active video games and music-accompanied aerobic and callisthenic exercises on body mass index (BMI), body fat ratio, physical performance tests, psychosocial status, and self-respect in overweight and obese adolescents. METHODS Fifty (21 males and 29 females) slightly overweight and obese participants with no chronic disorder an...

Twenty-two measurements were obtained in 1994-1995 from 117 female and 130 male infants aged 1 to 7 living in the central region of Tokyo. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Differences between standing stature and laid-down body length: On the average, the latter was 1.6 cm larger in girls and 1.9 cm larger in boys than the former. But the difference decreased with age until 4 years old...

OBJECTIVE Snacking has been related to increased prevalence of overweight among school-age children in cross-sectional studies. It is uncertain, however, whether snacking influences the development of adiposity over time. DESIGN We examined whether adherence to a snacking dietary pattern was associated with greater increases in children's BMI, subscapular:triceps skinfold thickness ratio and ...

OBJECTIVES The purpose of this work was to assess the effect of severe maternal iron-deficiency anemia and nutritional status on cord blood and breast milk iron status. METHODS We conducted a prospective observational study over a 6-month period in a teaching hospital in central India. The study population consisted of 55 anemic (hemoglobin: < 110 g/L) and 20 healthy nonanemic (hemoglobin: > ...

Children born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are more likely to exhibit congenital malformations, high birth weight, and obesity and have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in later life. Children who are exposed to maternal diabetes in utero may be 'programmed' for later development of obesity at a critical period of development. Therefore, the purpose of the ...