AMAC is a simple and fast candidate construction of a PRF from an MD-style hash function which applies the keyed hash function and then a cheap, un-keyed output transform such as truncation. Spurred by its use in the widely-deployed Ed25519 signature scheme, this paper investigates the provable PRF security of AMAC to deliver the following three-fold message: (1) First, we prove PRF security of...

The security of HMAC is proven under the assumption that its compression function is a dual PRF, meaning a PRF when keyed by either of its two inputs. But, not only do we not know whether particular compression functions really are dual PRFs, we do not know if dual PRFs even exist. What if the goal is impossible? This paper addresses this with a foundational treatment of dual PRFs, giving const...

Pap stain was first developed by Dr GN Papanicoloau in 1947 and since then it has been used successfully to screen cervical cancer. In fact, it has reduced the incidence of cervical cancer by 70% especially in developed countries having well planned screening programs. However, the stain has undergone various modifications from regressive conventional method to progressive rapid Pap staining wh...

We study how the Chern-Simons term effects the dynamically generated fermion mass in (2+1)D Quantum Electrodynamics in the framework of large N expansion. We find that when the Chern-Simons term is present half of the fermions get mass M + m and half get M − m. The parity-preserving mass m is generated only when N < Ñc. Both the critical number, Ñc, of fermion flavor and the magnitude, m, reduc...

Affiliations: 1 Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics. Perelman School of Medicine. University of Pennsylvania. Philadelphia, PA. 2 Simons Center for Data Analysis. Simons Foundation. New York, NY. 3 Biomedical and Translational Informatics, Geisinger Health System. Danville, PA. 4 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, U...

Barraquer-Simons syndrome, also called acquired partial lipodystrophy or cephalothoracic lipodystrophy, is a rare form of progressive lipodystrophy, characterized by symmetrical lipoatrophy of subcutaneous adipose tissue starting in the head and spreading to the thorax, upper and lower limbs and thighs. In this work, we report the case of a patient with Barraquer-Simons syndrome without systemi...

We study a relation between topological quantum field theory and the Kodama (Chern-Simons) state. It is shown that the Kodama (Chern-Simons) state describes a topological state with unbroken diffeomorphism invariance in Yang-Mills theory and Einstein’s general relativity in four dimensions. We give a clear explanation of ”why” such a topological state exists. E-mail address: [email protected]

In 2+1 dimensions, for low momenta, using dimensional renormalization we study the effect of a Chern-Simons field on the perturbative expansion of fermions self interacting through a Gross Neveu coupling. For the case of just one fermion field, we verify that the dimension of operators of canonical dimension lower than three decreases as a function of the Chern-Simons coupling.

We consider the process of photon decay in quantum electrodynamics with a CPTviolating Chern–Simons-like term added to the action. For a simplified model with only the quadratic Maxwell and Chern–Simons-like terms and the quartic Euler– Heisenberg term, we obtain a nonvanishing probability for the decay of a particular photon state into three others.