Riociguat is a novel soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator that is approved for the treatment of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and patients with inoperable chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) or persistent/recurrent CTEPH after pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA). As riociguat is a relatively new drug, experience of its use in clinical practice is limited, espe...

We have recently demonstrated that multi-kinase inhibitors such as sorafenib and pazopanib can suppress the detection of chaperones by in situ immuno-fluorescence, which is further enhanced by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors. Sorafenib and pazopanib inhibited the HSP90 ATPase activity with IC50 values of ~1.0 μM and ~75 nM, respectively. Pazopanib docked in silico with two possible poses into th...

INTRODUCTION Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a complex condition wherein men with minimal organic ED may develop a variable degree of psychogenic component sufficient to reduce the efficacy of medical management. A combination of trazodone with sildenafil has been used to overcome both organic as well as psychogenic components, thus improving the results of medical management. AIM To evaluate th...

Sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) is indicated for the treatment of patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Since patients with HFrEF may receive sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil, both increasing cyclic guanosine monophosphate, the present study evaluated the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic drug interaction potential between sacubitril/valsartan and sildenafil. In ...

Sildenafil, a type 5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor (PDE5-I), is primarily used for treating erectile dysfunction. Sildenafil inhibits the degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) by competing with cGMP for binding site of PDE5. cGMP is a secondary messenger activating protein kinases and a common regulator of ion channel conductance, glycogenolysis, and cellular apoptosis. PDE5 inhibi...

We evaluated the efficacy of oral sildenafil citrate in dogs with congenital idiopathic megaoesophagus (CIM). Twenty-one puppies were randomly assigned to two groups (treatment and control). The dogs were given sildenafil oral suspension 1 mg/kg every 12 hours for 14 days or placebo in a masked fashion. Clinical signs (frequency of regurgitation and weight gain) and oesophagrams (relative oesop...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Sildenafil citrate is an oral medication used to treat male impotence by the inhibition of phosphodiesterase-5 in the corpus cavernosum and subsequent facilitation of penile erection. Though the ocular side effects of sildenafil have been reported, no information is available on the histopathologic effects of chronic use of sildenafil citrate on the ocular vasculature. T...

Sir: I wish to call your attention to a possible safety issue in the report on the use of sildenafil for antidepressant-related sexual dysfunction. Although the authors screened their patients for medical illness and reported no serious adverse reactions to sildenafil in these antidepressant-treated subjects, the use of this agent in patients taking nefazodone (as in cases 1 and 3) may pose som...

OBJECTIVE Right heart catheterization is performed in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension to determine the severity of disease and their pulmonary vascular reactivity. The acute pulmonary vascular effect of inhaled nitric oxide is frequently used to identify patients who will respond favorably to long-term vasodilator therapy. This study sought to determine whether the acute pulmonary...

BACKGROUND Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a prevalent cardiovascular disorder that results in tissue ischemia which can progress to critical limb ischemia. Restoration of tissue perfusion in the setting of chronic ischemia through stimulation of arteriogenesis and angiogenesis remains a key therapeutic target for PAD. However, experimental therapeutics, including growth factor and gene ther...