four-handed fifty lactating holstein cows with mean body weight of, 597± 40 and 50±20 and days in milk body condi from sure of 3.1±0.4 were blocked by parity and randomly assigned to 3 treatments. each treatment had 3 pens and each pen had 50 cows. the experiment lasted for 60 days (10 days adaptation and 50 days collection period). concentrate to forage ratio was 60 to 40 and alfalfa hay repla...

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of length of chop of corn silage and forage:concentrate ratio (F:C) on performance and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows supplemented with flaxseed. Our hypothesis was that decreasing forage particle length and F:C ratio would increase unsaturated fatty acid flow to the small intestine and subsequent transfer of these unsaturated fatty acids into mi...

The survival and effect of three new probiotic inoculants (Lactobacillus plantarum CCM 4000, L. fermentum LF2, and Enterococcus faecium CCM 4231) on the nutritive value and fermentation parameters of corn silage was studied under laboratory conditions. Whole corn plants (288.3 g/kg DM) were cut and ensiled at 21°C for 105 days. The inoculants were applied at a concentration of 1.0×10 cfu/ml. Un...

Twenty-four low dry matter (DM) silages differing in fermentation quality were harvested at the same time from a crop that consisted mainly of timothy (Phleum pratense), and meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis). The silage samples were analysed by gas chromatography (GC) - mass spectrometry and gas chromatography - flame ionisation detection in order to determine and quantify volatiles present in ...

Grass is generally considered as one of the major agricultural products and covers over 90% of Irish agricultural land. While useful as an animal feedstock it can also be used for energy production. Here batch mesophilic anaerobic digestion of grass silage was studied. The methane concentration in the biogas clearly showed that grass silage has a high affinity to produce a high quality methane ...

Cornell University evaluates 95-115 day corn silage hybrids at two locations in central/western NY and 75100 day corn silage hybrids at two locations in Northern New York. We arrange the hybrids in the fi eld into 5day relative maturity (RM) groups (i.e. 95-100, 101105 day hybrids, etc.) and harvest one or more RM groups at a particular site when the hybrids are in the 60-70% moisture range. We...

This study was carried out to compare in situ and in vitro enzyme techniques for determining estimates of forage escape proteins. Eight forages (vetch hay, wheat silage, corn silage, wheat hay, grass hay, lentil straw, triticale hay and alfalfa hay) were used as feed materials. During 70 h, incubation with enzyme method had similar escape protein values for vetch hay, wheat hay, grass hay, trit...

Mycotoxins are chemicals produced by fungi that can seriously affect the health of dairy cattle. Mycotoxin-producing fungi do not compete well with the microbes responsible for silage fermentation. However, if proper moisture content is not maintained or oxygen is allowed into the silage, these fungi can grow and potentially produce mycotoxins. In addition, mycotoxins formed in the field can pe...

The objective of this study was to assess the value of triticale dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) as a replacement for barley silage in addition to a portion of the dry-rolled barley (DRB) in a grain-based feedlot finishing diet. The trial used 160 crossbred yearling steers: 144 noncannulated (478 +/- 84 kg) in a complete randomized design, and 16 ruminally cannulated (494 +/- 50 kg...