BACKGROUND Trauma has various presentations ranging from common injuries that are easily managed to uncommon presentations such as traumatic hernia that may be missed. METHODS Despite being operated for fracture of the femur after a road traffic accident, a 50-year-old female patient remained undiagnosed with a right sided traumatic lumbar hernia for nearly six months after the accident. In t...

We read with interest the paper by Ikeda et al. [1] regarding the treatment of catamenial pneumothoraces. We agree with the authors that the pathology of true catamenial pneumothorax is not clear. However, in most cases, diaphragmatic fenestrations play a role. On the left, the fenestrations are frequently plugged by the omentum. On the right, however, the liver prevents such plugging, which ac...

The massive computational cost for resolving all scales in a turbulent flow makes a direct numerical simulation of the underlying Navier-Stokes equations impossible in most engineering applications. Recent advances in adaptive finite element methods offer a new powerful tool in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). The computational cost for simulating turbulent flow can be minimized by adaptivel...

Abstract A new long-legged, spatula-beaked, filter-feeding pterodactyloid pterosaur from Upper Jurassic plattenkalk limestones at Wattendorf, Bavaria, Southern Germany, is remarkable for its completeness, unusual dentition and hints of the preservation soft tissues, including wing membranes. The fully articulated specimen displays both jaws each side with over one hundred sub-parallel-sided tee...

We present a novel, efficient and flexible scheme to generate a high quality mesh that approximates the outer boundary of a swept volume. Our approach comes with two guarantees. First, the approximation is conservative, i.e., the swept volume is enclosed by the generated mesh. Second, the one-sided Hausdorff distance of the generated mesh to the swept volume is upper bounded by a user defined t...

The I-patch is a multi-sided surface representation, defined as combination of implicit ribbon and bounding surfaces, whose pairwise intersections determine the natural boundaries patch. Our goal to show how collection smoothly connected I-patches can be used approximate triangular meshes. We start from coarse, user-defined vertex graph which specifies an initial subdivision surface. Based on t...

In interactive applications such as games, particle-based liquids are often used for simulation. Such liquids are rendered with only a single refraction at the front-facing surface, which damages photorealism because it cannot express the thickness of liquid. In this paper, we propose an approach to render particle-based liquid with twice refraction at frontand back-facing surfaces in real time...

This paper develops a new way to create smooth piecewise polynomial free-form spline surfaces from quadmeshes that include T-junctions, where surface strips start or terminate. All mesh nodes can be interpreted as control points of geometrically-smooth, piecewise polynomials that we call GT-splines. GT-splines are B-spline-like and cover T-junctions by two or four patches of degree bi-4. They c...

This work presents a CAD paradigm to produce traditional zillij style of geometrical patterns using ubiquitous polygonal technique. This method makes use of a grid generated from diagonals of n-sided regular polygon. The grids are in the form of a mesh of having large number of irregular polygons. The vertex of any irregular polygon in the grid is viewed as the point of intersection of two diag...

We propose a method to generate high-order unstructured curved meshes using the classical Winslow equations. We start with an initial straight-sided mesh in a reference domain, and fix the position of the nodes on the boundary on the true curved geometry. In the interior of the domain, we solve the Winslow equations using a new continuous Galerkin finite element discretization. This formulation...