............................................................................................................. I ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .................................................................................... II LIST OF PAPERS................................................................................................. III BACKGROUND.........................................................

In this work, we demonstrate that for ultrathin MOS gate oxides, the reliability is closely related to the SiO2/Si interfacial physical stress for constant current gate injection ( ) in the Fowler–Nordheim tunneling regime. A physical stress-enhanced bond-breaking model is proposed to explain this. The oxide breakdown mechanism is very closely related to the Si–Si bond formation from the breaka...

Soft breakdown properties a€ected by photon energy during rapid thermal post-oxidation annealing (POA) of ultrathin gate oxide are investigated. Generally, breakdown can be classi®ed into normal hard breakdown (HBD) and soft breakdown (SBD). It was found that the occurrence of HBD and SBD depends on the process and stress ®eld. Samples with front and back sides illuminated by a tungsten±halogen...

Mixed potential sensors were fabriated using yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) as a solid electrolyte and a mixture of Au and various metal oxides as a sensing electrode. The effects of calcination temperature ranging from 600 to 1,000 °C and acid-base properties of the metal oxides on the sensing properties were examined. The selective sensing of ammonia was achieved by modification of the sens...

Metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) photoelectrodes offer a simple alternative to the traditional semiconductor-liquid junction and the conventional p-n junction electrode. Highly efficient MIS photoanodes require interfacial surface passivating oxides and high workfunction metals to produce a high photovoltage. Herein, we investigate and analyze the effect of interfacial oxides and metal workf...

N-oxides possessing the pyridine framework are strong Lewis bases that can activate the C–Si bond of allylhalosilanes to such an extent that they catalyze reactions with aldehydes. N-oxides embedded in chiral scaffolds are usually capable of highly selective chirality transfer to the derived products. Our goal was to develop a general synthetic method allowing the preparation of structurally va...

Investigations were conducted on a series of calcium and lanthanum oxides catalyst for biodiesel production. Mixed oxides catalyst showed a superior transesterification activity over pure calcium or pure lanthanum oxide catalysts. The catalyst activity was correlated with surface basicity and specific surface areas. The effects of water and free fatty acids (FFA) levels in oil feedstock, water ...

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts that are earth-abundant and are active and stable in acid are unknown. Active catalysts derived from Co and Ni oxides dissolve at low pH, whereas acid stable systems such as Mn oxides (MnO x ) display poor OER activity. We now demonstrate a rational approach for the design of earth-abundant catalysts that are stable and active in acid by treating activi...