abstract research and development (r&d;) spending plays a major role in innovation, raising productivity and increasing economic growth. the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of r&d; spending on growth and total factor productivity (tfp) in iran's agricultural sector. we estimate growth and productivity models using auto-regressive distributed lag (ardl) approach and data over ...

A field experiment was carried out during 2009-11 on a sandy loam soil of IARI, New Delhi on wheat with four levels of irrigation (rainfed, irrigations to replenish 30, 60 and 100% moisture deficit from field capacity) as main plot factors and four levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60 and 120 kg N/ha) as subplot factors in a split plot design. The soil moisture storage in the profile showed inverse re...

The most preferred containers by Aedes aegypti were studied April and July (rainy and dry periods) in two Manaus neighbourhoods. In all, 2,700 premises and 13,912 containers were examined, most (87%) recorded outdoors. Out of the 13,100 inspected premises, only 1.6% showed to be positive for Aedes aegypti, summing up to 7,916 collected samples. Most frequently found containers outdoors in eithe...

Alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau are claimed to be sensitive and vulnerable to climate change and human disturbance. The mechanism, direction and magnitude of climatic and anthropogenic influences on net primary productivity (NPP) of various alpine pastures remain under debate. Here, we simulated the potential productivity (with only climate variables being considered as drivers; NPPP) ...

This paper evaluates the scale of productivity change of the Bank of Serbia over the period 20072010. In this research the emphasis is put on measuring the productivity based on information from the financial statements using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method and Malmquist index to estimate the individual bank efficiency and productivity changes within this period. The Malmquist productivi...

Common belief and some empirical evidence indicates that productivity of a farmer may increase with age, reach some maximum level, and then decrease with further age (Tauer 1984; Tauer 1995). If productivity exhibits a life-cycle pattern, then productivity of agriculture may decrease as the U.S. farm population continues to age. Lifecycle changes are also critical in planning for succession of ...

1 The relationship of productivity to species diversity is usually positive at regional scales, but is often neutral, unimodal or negative at local spatial scales. Recent studies have pointed out that beta diversity, or among-locality and within-region variation in species composition, must therefore tend to increase with productivity. 2 We tested for a positive relationship of productivity to ...

this study is performed in order to study the effect of technical- vocational training on trainee productivity in industrial sector of khorasan and preferring suitable solutions in this field. so labor productivity model was estimated for khorasan industry in period 1985 to 2004. in this model, effects of different variables were investigated on productivity of labor, variables such as: relatio...

economic growth as an important indicator has always considered by policy makers. in presence of production inputs constraints, the most appropriate way of growing each sector is increase of productivity. in the agricultural sector due to several risks that farmers face as a result of activity in an open environment, productivity is also affected by these risks. because of the importance of agr...