I propose that the moving ‘wisps’ near the center of the Crab Nebula result from nonlinear KelvinHelmholtz instabilities in the equatorial plane of the shocked pulsar wind. Recent observations suggest that the wisps trace out circular wavefronts in this plane, expanding radially at speeds<∼ c/3. Instabilities could develop if there is sufficient velocity shear between a faster-moving equatorial...

We extend our calculation of physical parameters of GRB jets by modeling the broadband emission of the afterglows 970508, 980519, 991208, 000926, 000418, and 010222. Together with 990123, 990510, 991216, and 000301c, there are ten well-observed afterglows for which the initial opening angle of the GRB jet can be constrained. The jet energies (after the GRB phase) obtained for this set of afterg...

Ion heating in collisionless shocks is non-adiabatic and efficient. The amount of the downstream distributions depend on shock parameters incident ion distribution. number reflected ions their distribution detailed shape tail In supercritical contribution significant. Kappa distributed are heated more strongly have a larger fraction than Maxwellian with same upstream temperature parameters. For...

Due to the background in the mixed compression engine inlets, the Shock wave/ Turbulent Boundary Layer Interaction (STBLI) problem has been one of the concerns of the aerodynamic industry. Shock-induced separation and the corresponding interaction make the flow losing its quality and reduce inlet total pressure recovery. Various flow-control methods have been tried and investigated by lots of r...

Abstract Without the intrinsic magnetic field, solar wind interaction with Mars can be significantly different from Earth and other magnetized planets. In this paper, we investigate how a global configuration of structures, consisting bow shock, induced magnetosphere, magnetotail, is modulated by interplanetary field (IMF) orientation. A 3D multispecies numerical model established to simulate u...

Shock waves are generated downstream of spillways during flood operations, which have adverse effects on spillway operations. This paper presents the physical model study shock at Mohmand Dam Spillway project, Pakistan. In this study, hydraulic analysis was carried out to investigate its generation mechanism. Different experiments were performed analyze rooster tail a flat chute and examine fac...

BACKGROUND Biphasic waveforms reduce defibrillation threshold (DFT) in a wide variety of models. Although there are several human studies of long-duration, high-tilt biphasic waveform defibrillation, the specific biphasic waveform shape required to achieve optimal DFT reduction is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS This study tested the effect of single capacitor biphasic waveform tilt modification...

This paper provides a review of shape analysis methods. Shape analysis methods play an important role in systems for object recognition, matching, registration, and analysis. Research in shape analysis has been motivated, in part, by studies of human visual form perception systems. Several theories of visual form perception are brie y mentioned. Shape analysis methods are classi ed into several...