Fumonisins are mycotoxins found in maize. In developing countries, the resources required for analysis are often lacking, and the shipping of maize between countries can be difficult since the importation of plant materials requires permits/inspection to prevent the entry of pests that frequently infest maize. A simple, safe and legal method for shipping maize extracts to the USA was needed to ...

This paper describes experience obtained through a joint project between a university research group and a shipping company in developing a prototype for a global customer service system. The research group had no previous knowledge of the complex business of shipping, but succeeded in developing a prototype that more than fulfilled the expectations of the shipping company. A major reason for t...

XQuery is increasingly being used for ad-hoc integration of heterogeneous data sources that are logically mapped to XML. For example, scientists need to query multiple scientific databases, which are distributed over a large geographic area, and it is possible to use XQuery for that. However, the language currently supports only the data shipping query evaluation model (through the document() f...

We investigate the hardness of approximating a transshipment problem with a permutable transit vector. We have already known that the transshipment problem of minimizing the total shipping cost is NP-hard. In this paper, we prove that even if the unit shipping cost associated with every arc is given as a positive integer, there is no polynomial time constant factor approximation algorithm for t...

The paper considers multi agent approach and respective multi-agent system for resource allocation and scheduling within shipping logistics problem. A well known benchmark that is Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows is considered as a case study. The paper proposes an approach to the shipping logistics problem solving that includes auction-based resource allocation and scheduling, distrib...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1 The changing relations between transport and development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 The logistic chain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Changing intercontinental transport ....

(1979) on OECD countries; Brodsky and Sampson (1979) and Yeats (1976) on Latin America and Asia; and, more recently, Amjadi and Yeats (1995), Amjadi, Reincke, and Yeats (1996), and UNCTAD (1995) on sub-Saharan Africa. These studies document differences in shipping costs but do not directly estimate the relationship between shipping costs and manufactured exports or economic growth. Steven Radel...

Relationships with consumers are critical to the success of online sellers. Online returns can detrimentally influence buyer–seller relationships and, thus, sellers should carefully approach restore their relationship consumers. Returns due consumer satisfaction-related reasons a significant and inevitable part e-commerce. This article focuses on how deal method fee aspects return shipping poli...

At present, throughout the world LNG investments are abounding. In particular, the US and the EU are trying to facilitate their security of natural gas supply. For this reason, LNG enables importers to extend their gas suppliers’ portfolio, considering that some producing countries can be reached only via sea transport. LNG will thus increase importers’ choice; at the same time it can widen the...