The dearth of novel antibiotics poses challenges to the treatment of bacterial infection and points to shortcomings in the system of pharmaceutical innovation. Increasing bacterial resistance to existing antibiotics causes substantial morbidity and mortality and threatens society’s ability to realise benefits from modern medical advances. Access to effective antibiotics is essential to treating...

Sharing IT resources within and between organizations has an attractive value proposition in terms of efficiency and flexibility, but despite this commercial practice is limited. In contrast, financial and commodity markets have proved very successful at dynamic allocation of different resource types to many different organizations. Thus to understand how the potential benefits of sharing IT re...

Hindi and Urdu share a common phonology, morphology and grammar but are written in different scripts. In addition, the vocabularies have also diverged significantly especially in the written form. In this paper we show that we can get reasonable quality translations (we estimated the Translation Error rate at 18%) between the two languages even in absence of a parallel corpus. Linguistic resour...

The domain of explicitly terminated finite and infinite words is commonly used to define denotational semantics for process algebras such as CSP. In this well-known framework the denotational semantics of concurrency is derived via power-domains from that of non-deterministic choice and interleaving to the effect that the denotational semantics of a concurrent process is equal to the set of all...

Sharing e-learning resources efficiently and effectively is a challenge. One barrier is that currently available resources have not been described accurately and do not readily interoperate. In this paper, we present an evaluation of our novel e-learning services approach which aims to overcome these problems. Results from the evaluation suggest that it is quicker and easier to discover and cho...

Traditionally, UNIX has been weak in data sharing. By data sharing, we mean that multiple cooperative processes concurrently access and update the same set of data. As the degree of sharing (the number of cooperative processes) increases, the existing UNIX virtual memory systems run into page table thrashing, which causes a major performance bottleneck. Once page table thrashing occurs, UNIX pe...

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Grid computing presents two major challenges for deploying large scale applications across wide area networks gathering volunteers PC and clusters/parallel computers as computational resources: security and fault tolerance. This paper presents a lightweight Grid solution for the deployment of multi-parameters applications on a set of clusters protected by firewalls. The system uses a hierarchic...

We propose a range of techniques to motivate people to share a small fraction of their available resources in designing a new networking technology to provide near-ubiquitous connectivity to others. Such technology can be used whenever the infrastructure is unavailable to provide general connectivity between individuals, and to to the Internet at large, and particularly in cases of emergency. P...

We propose a simple and intuitive cost mechanism which assigns costs for the competitive usage of m resources by n selfish agents. Each agent has an individual demand; demands are drawn according to some probability distribution. The cost paid by an agent for a resource she chooses is the total demand put on the resource divided by the number of agents who chose that same resource. So, resource...