Opaque enclosures of buildings play an essential role in the level of comfort experienced indoors and annual energy demand. The impact of solar radiation and thermal inertia of the materials that make up the multi-layer enclosures substantially modify thermal transmittance behaviour of the enclosures. This dynamic form of heat transfer, additionally affected by indoor HVAC systems, has a substa...

The interaction of turbulent plumes is examined in the context of building ventilation flows. Recent models for natural ventilation have been based on simplified treatment of the heat sources in a ventilated enclosure. These models treat buoyancy sources as plumes and assume that they do not interact. To improve the applicability of these models to buildings we examine the effects of plume-plum...

Scattering of waves in the medium between transmitters and receivers in a multiple-in-multiple-out (MIMO) system can in principle lead to a large enhancement of the channel capacity. To obtain the best results, the scattering of the waves in the medium needs to be strong enough to decouple the available connections. The physics of the wave propagation in a scattering medium is in general comple...

In this paper, a feedback control mechanism and its optimization for rotating disk vibration/flutter via changes of air-coupled pressure generated using piezoelectric patch actuators are studied. A thin disk rotates in an enclosure, which is equipped with a feedback control loop consisting of a micro-sensor, a signal processor, a power amplifier, and several piezoelectric (PZT) actuator patches...

We studied immune responses of the jird Meriones crassus to different flea species belonging to the same family. We used jirds maintained in an outdoor enclosure (enclosure; N=18) and parasitized by fleas Xenopsylla conformis mycerini and Xenopsylla ramesis, and also jirds born in the laboratory to previously parasitized mothers (laboratory animals; N=23). We asked (i) whether cross-immunity to...

In this study, electric field Shielding Effectiveness (SE) of rectangular enclosure with apertures illuminated by vertical polarization plane wave has been studied by using modal method of moment technique. Electric field SE of enclosure with different shape apertures but same area has been c alculated at three different points inside enclosure. To achieve this, assuming appropriate electric fi...

In the present study the effect of Prandtl number on magneto-convection in a lid driven square cavity with a sinusoidal vertical wall were investigated numerically. The horizontal bottom and top walls are adiabatic. The left and right vertical walls are temperature Th and Tc respectively with Th>Tc. The governing equations along with appropriate boundary conditions for the present problem are f...

Source identification in an enclosure is not an easy task due to complicated wave interference and wall reflections, in particular, at mid-high frequencies. In this study, a phased beam tracing method was applied to the reconstruction of source pressures inside an enclosure at medium frequencies. First, surfaces of an extended source are divided into reasonably small segments. From each source ...

The present study examines how rats process object information in relation to other objects as well as to the global shape of an enclosure. Rats were introduced into either a round or a square arena with various arrays of freestanding portable corners (objects) that differed in spacing, orientation, and number. We found that the time spent at the objects was substantially higher in the round co...