We study a class of variational problems for regularized conservation laws with Lax's entropy-entropy flux pairs. first introduce modified optimal transport space based on diffusion. Using this space, we demonstrate that diffusion are “flux–gradient flows”. next construct these flows, which derive dual PDE systems laws. Several examples, including traffic flow and Burgers' equation, presented. ...

In the fuzzy set theory, information  measures play a paramount role in several areas such as decision making, pattern recognition etc. In this paper, similarity measure based on cosine function and entropy measures based on logarithmic function for IFSs are proposed. Comparisons of proposed similarity and entropy measures with the existing ones are listed. Numerical results limpidly betoken th...

In this study, the analysis of inherent irreversibility of chemical reactive third-grade poiseuille flow of a variable viscosity with convective cooling is investigated. The dissipative heat in a reactive exothermic chemical moves over liquid in an irreversible way and the entropy is produced unceasingly in the system within the fixed walls. The heat convective exchange with the surrounding tem...

A thermodynamic study of copper ions by jack bean urease (JBU) was carried out at two temperatures of 27 and 37?C in Tris buffer (30 mM; pH=7.0) using an isothermal titration calorimetry. There is a set of twelve identical and non-interacting binding sites for copper ions. The intrinsic dissociation equilibrium constant and the molar enthalpy of binding are 285 µM and ?15.2 kJ/mol at 27?C and 3...

Entropy generation of double diffusive natural convection in a three dimensional differentially heated enclosure has been performed numerically. Vertical walls of enclosure are heated differentially and remaining walls are adiabatic. The obtained results were presented via iso-concentration, iso-temperatures, velocity vector projection, particle trajectories, velocity profiles, iso-entropy, loc...

This paper tries to achieve a solution for problems that concern condensation around a flat plate, circular and elliptical tube in by numerical and analytical methods. Also, it calculates entropy production rates. At first, a problem was solved with mesh dynamic and rational assumptions; next it was compared with the numerical solution that the result had acceptable errors. An additional suppor...