this study is a description about the development of ceremonies and rituals and also the formation of religious system and the type of its opposition with the political system, after the official declaration of asna ashari (twelve imams) shiism in the safavid dynasty. the author believes that at least four development periods can be considered in iranian rituals in the safavid era. the first pe...

the bagratian clan was the oldest and the most legitimate in georgia and safavid was confident about them. during the reign of shah safi, the credit of bagrati clan was increased due to their valuable service to the monarch and fining his reign. in the beginning of the accession, he wanted set up the tent of her reign based on the new columb and overthrow old elements that was independent on sh...

Arsenic (As) contamination in drinking groundwater sources is a common environmental problem Pakistan. Therefore, we collected total of ( n = 81) samples from various sources, two districts’ namely Ghotki 44) and Nawab Shah 37) Sindh, Province, The current research aimed to investigate the hydrogeochemistry with elevated arsenic (As), its effect on health local population living study area, pot...

In this paper we introduce a notion of unilateral slope for the Mumford-Shah functional, and provide an explicit formula in the case of smooth cracks. We show that the slope is not lower semicontinuous and study the corresponding relaxed functional.

Let G → GL(n,C) be a representation of a complex reductive group. A theorem of Hilbert says that the algebra C[x1, . . . , xn] of invariant polynomials is finitely generated. Let Y be the projective variety defined by this graded algebra, and then we have a rational morphism π : C · · · → Y(C). A theorem on geometric reductivity of Mumford says that a point x ∈ C is regular for the map π if and...

The calibration method is used to identify some minimizers of the Mumford-Shah functional. The method is then extended to more general free discontinuity problems.

We propose a novel variational approach based on a level set formulation of the Mumford-Shah functional and shape priors. We extend the functional by a labeling function which indicates image regions in which the shape prior is enforced. By minimizing the proposed functional with respect to both the level set function and the labeling function, the algorithm selects image regions where it is fa...

In this paper, we present a method for the numerical minimization of the Mumford–Shah functional that is based on the idea of topological asymptotic expansions. The basic idea is to cover the expected edge set with balls of radius ε > 0 and use the number of balls, multiplied with 2ε, as an estimate for the length of the edge set. We introduce a functional based on this idea and prove that it c...

We show that if (u,K) is a global minimizer for the Mumford-Shah functional in R , and if K is a smooth enough cone, then (modulo constants) u is a homogenous function of degree 1 2 . We deduce some applications in R as for instance that an angular sector cannot be the singular set of a global minimizer, that if K is a half-plane then u is the corresponding cracktip function of two variables, o...

Image segmentation is a complex task, since it involves the manipulation of different kind of objects such as functions, domains in R and curves. In this work we propose a two-dimensional image segmentation method, using the Mumford and Shah’s one dimensional technique, performing vertical and horizontal sweeps. This is in contrast to the technique that involves the generalization of the Mumfor...