The extraction of three-dimensional shape from shading is one of the most perceptually compelling, yet poorly understood, aspects of visual perception. In this paper, we report several new experiments on the manner in which the perception of shape from shading interacts with other visual processes such as perceptual grouping, preattentive search ("pop-out"), and motion perception. Our specific ...

Increasing the effectiveness of photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems is a major barrier to their widespread use. Partial shading conditions (PSCs), which are caused by nearby objects like trees, buildings, and clouds, reduce energy produced PV may be mitigated reconfiguration arrays. A novel approach dubbed modified series-parallel (MSP) setup, was suggested in this paper compares its per...

The subject of this article is a presentation multi-scale passive and active solar shading systems in urban areas. This research assumes the hypothesis that insolation are interdependent their integration urbanized space affects city biome. Attention has been paid to role innovative solutions used field ur ban insolation, such as heliostats development future eco-architecture eco-urban planning...

Volumetric rendering is widely used to examine 3D scalar fields from scanners and direct numerical simulation datasets. One key aspect of volumetric rendering is the ability to provide shading cues to aid in understanding structure contained in the datasets. While shading models that reproduce natural lighting conditions have been shown to better convey depth information and spatial relationshi...

Abstract One of the key reasons contributing to a reduction in performance solar photovoltaic (SPV) system is presence partial shade on panels. It necessary use maximum power point tracking (MPPT) SPV systems get around non-linear behaviour This research analyses output caused by shading. In latter part paper, improved dynamic behaviour-based ant colony optimization MPPT approach under effect m...

This paper proposes accurate partial shading modeling of photovoltaic (PV) system. The main contribution of this work is the utilization of the two-diode model to represent the PV cell. This model requires only four parameters and known to have better accuracy at low irradiance level, allowing for more accurate prediction of PV system performance during partial shading condition. The proposed m...

The Window 6.0 computer program incorporates a model for calculating the optical properties and solar heat gain factor of slat shading systems. This model adheres to the framework appearing in the ISO 15099 standard, which is based on a radiosity approach. Only the directional-hemispherical properties of the slat shading can be predicted by the method of ISO 15099. Extensions to the Window 6.0 ...

Results are presented from a monitoring study of the performance of a sample of UK domestic PV systems. Five-minute average climatic and performance data was recorded for 27 PV systems at two sites for up to 2 years of operation. On average, the annual energy losses due to faults were 3.6% (Site A, first year of operation), 6.6% (Site A, second year of operation) and 18.9% (Site B, first year o...