BACKGROUND Analysis of cell free fetal (cff) DNA in maternal plasma is used routinely for non invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) of fetal sex determination, fetal rhesus D status and some single gene disorders. True positive results rely on detection of the fetal target being analysed. No amplification of the target may be interpreted either as a true negative result or a false negative result ...

We extend our investigation of cytonuclear selection by determining when differential selection between the sexes will generate allele frequency changes or cytonuclear disequilibria in populations with constant viability selection and an adult census. We demonstrate analytically that there can be a cytonuclear hitchhiking effect upon a selectively neutral marker in either sex provided the other...

We consider the problem of locating instances of a known object in a novel scene by matching the fiducial features of the object. Our approach to the problem consists of two parts: a model for the appearance of the features and a model for the shape of the object. We then bind these parts together in a Bayesian framework and match the features sequentially, using the information about the locat...

background: sexual practices as an important aspect of reproductive health have many physical and psychological effects on people’s lives, there is limited evidence on such practices and their pattern among iranian women. hence we aimed to determine different types of sexual practices among 19-45 year old married iranian women. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 married...

Abstract Background Organ transplantations cause discrepancy in results from cell-free DNA (cfDNA) testing, but scientific literature is scarce. Case A 33-year old gravida underwent cfDNA which showed high levels of Y chromosome (ChrY) the maternal bloodstream. The ChrY pattern was comparable to an adult male reference. As a result, testing only informative for autosomes. Routine 20-week ultras...

We describe a new method for 2D fiducial tracking. We use region adjacency information together with angles between regions to encode IDs inside fiducials, whereas previous research by Kaltenbrunner and Bencina utilize region adjacency tree. Our method supports a wide ID range and is fast enough to accommodate real-time video. It is also very robust against false positive detection.

Humans focus attention on different face regions when recognizing face attributes. Most existing face attribute classification methods use the whole image as input. Moreover, some of these methods rely on fiducial landmarks to provide defined face parts. In this paper, we propose a cascade network that simultaneously learns to localize face regions specific to attributes and performs attribute ...