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sewage water by land filters that nitrification Was due to microbial activity, and since then an increasing amount of attention has been devoted to the investigation of micro-organisms in relation to sewage purification and to the closely allied processes of soil metabolism. A considerable volume of literature has accumulated on the microbiology of these processes, but there is need for further...

Hydrogen peroxide has been used for decades in developed countries as an oxidizing agent in the treatment of water, domestic sewage and industrial effluents. This study evaluated the influence of the concentration of H2O2 and pH on the inactivation of Escherichia coli cells and the disinfection of sewage treated. The results showed that the inactivation rate increased with pH and H2O2. The pres...

Morehead City, North Carolina, faced a moratorium on new construction because of problems with its sewage system. We developed an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) transfer function-intervention model to help town officials explain the sources of variation in the volume of sewage-treatment-plant discharge to the state officials who had imposed the moratorium on extending the sewa...

Sewage sludge was used as fertilizer in agriculture in Switzerland since the begin ning of modern waste water treatment. During the last 40 years several difficulties arose with the agricultural use. The problems with pathogenic germs could be solved with a prepasteurisation. The contamination with heavy metals was reduced during the years but remained a cause for concern. The fear of mad cow d...

Background: The application of biochar as a soil amendment has achieved popularity and has been found to improve considerably soil nutrient status and plant productivity in low fertile soils. Methods: This study used two different methods to apply sewage sludge and sewage sludge biochar with three replicates in a completely randomized block design. The experiment included (1) control, (2) mulc...

Sewage and industrial plants located near residential areas can be subject to political and legal problems if these facilities produce unpleasant odors. In the case of a sewage plant and the associated collection system, chemicals or enzymes may be added to the liquid phase to prevent the formation of the odors. Mechanical changes to the sewage pump stations may also be made to reduce the odor....

In conjunction with the city-wide program of oral vaccination conducted during the early months of 1961 in Middletown, Connecticut, tests were carried out on serial samples of sewage from various strategic points in the city as a means of virological surveillance. Objectives were: a) to determine the relative prevalence of polioviruses and other enteroviruses in the city sewage prior to, during...