4 ABSTRACT Background: Trauma is a major cause of death and disability. Adverse events, such as prolonged prehospital time, hypoxia, hypotension and/or hyperventilation have been reported to correlate to poor outcome. Adequate cortisol levels are essential for survival after major trauma. In hypotensive critically ill patients, lack of sufficient amount of cortisol can be suspected, and a conce...

Background: Normative data have been established for stimulated serum total cortisol in children but not for serum free cortisol. Methods: Children who were referred for ACTH testing to rule out adrenal insufficiency were enrolled. Only children with normal response and normal androgen levels were included. Total cortisol was determined by a chemiluminescence method, and free cortisol was measu...

A dynamic relationship between the gut microbiota and brain is pivotal in neonatal development. Dysbiosis of the microbiome may result in altered neurodevelopment; however, it is unclear which specific members of microbiota are most influential and what factors might mediate the relationship between the gut and the brain. Twenty-four vaginally-derived male piglets were subjected to magnetic res...

Apoptosis is a programmed cell death that has been attributed to the action of stress hormones, such as cortisol. We investigated the in vitro effect of cortisol in goldfish (Carassius auratus) mature (GSI: 2.75-4.65) or immature (GSI: 1.94-2.4) testes. Testes were taken out and transferred into culture medium (M 199), cut into 20 mm thick slices and supplemented with fetal bovine serum (FBS), ...

BACKGROUND Blunted diurnal cortisol variation has been associated with overt cardiovascular disease in adults. The relationship between the diurnal cortisol variation and subclinical atherosclerosis in youth has yet to be investigated. The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the relationship between overnight cortisol measures and CIMT in overweight and obese, African-American and La...

BACKGROUND In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), patients demonstrate low levels of adrenal hormones. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether increased renal clearance and daily excretion contribute to this phenomenon. METHODS Thirty patients with RA, 32 with SLE, and 54 healthy subjects (HS) participated. Serum and urinary levels of cortisol, cortisone, 17-hydroxypr...

BACKGROUND There are no clear treatment guidelines for dogs with clinically well-regulated hyperadrenocorticism in which serum cortisol concentrations before and after an ACTH stimulation test performed 3-6 hours after trilostane administration are < 2.0 μg/dL. OBJECTIVE To determine if serum cortisol concentrations measured before (Pre1) and after (Post1) ACTH stimulation at 3-6 hours after ...

Systemic administration of human interferon-a stimulates the pituitary-adrenal axis in men, but the exact mechanism still remains to be established. The present study was undertaken to examine the hypothesis that interferon-a may alter the circulating concentrations of the cytokines which involve the activation of the pituitary-adrenal axis. Eleven patients with chronically active hepatitis C w...