Antidepressant-like activity of T. kotschyanus has been recently reported by scientists but insufficient attention has ‎so far been devoted to T. kotschyanus, and there is a lack of information on the other neurobehavioral effects and ‎side effects of this species. In the current study, the anticonvulsant, anxiolytic and sedative-hypnotic, effects of ‎Thymus kotschyanus extract on male NMRI mic...

QUICK FACTS: Rohypnol, known as “roofies” and roaches,” is a sedative-hypnotic drug. Increasing dosages produces signs of progressive central nervous system depression ranging from sedation to sleep. Chronic use of high doses leads to the development of tolerance, but a level of intoxication can always be reached if the dose is high enough. Chronic use of large doses also leads to physical depe...

Gamma hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is a naturally occurring analog of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) that has been used in research and clinical medicine for many years. In the past decade it has become very popular as a dietary supplement and recreational drug. Acute overdose leads to profound alteration of mental status and variable amounts of respiratory depression. With proper management, most...

Maleimides and aziridines are well known for the diversity of their applications in medicinal chemistry. A great number of compounds with an aziridine ring have been synthesized, many of which have shown signi®cant cytotoxicity against some tumour cells, such as mitomycin C, which is a bioreductive alkylating agent used in anticancer therapy (Kim et al., 1996; Kumar et al., 1996). Maleimides ha...

Withania somnifera Dunal commonly known as Asgandh or Ashvaganadha is one of the most potent aphrodisiacs used in traditional systems of medicine. It is common herb found throughout the dried and subtropical parts of India. The root and leaves of plants are used for medicinal purposes. In traditional systems of medicine particularly Ayurveda and Unani the plant is thought to possess anti-inflam...

The benzodiazepines were developed in the 1950s, some introduced in the 1960s, and many more since then. Pharmacologically, they are sedative/hypnotics akin to alcohol, chloral, the barbiturates, and meprobamate. All have been widely used both within and outside the licit medical context. Usage of benzodiazepines increased dramatically during the 1960s and early 1970s; tranquilizer but not hypn...

The nutritional significance of essential amino acids, as well as non-essential amino acids, is well documented in poultry production with regards to growth performance and protein accretion. However, the function of amino acids in the stress response is still unclear. L-Pipecolic acid, a L-lysine metabolite in the brain, induced a hypnotic and sedative effect acting via the γaminobutyric acid ...