introduction: assessing quality of life for patients with shoulder instability may be essential because of the negative impacts of the disease on patient’s life. the aim of the present study, therefore,  was  to  assess  the  internal  validity  and  consistency,  test-retest  reliability,  and convergent validity of the persian version of the oxford shoulder instability score (osis). material ...

Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) disability has been particularly frustrating because its treatment has been a great therapeutic challenge. Disability has been suggested to depend on different factors that should be found and considered in the medical management. The inter-segmental coordination is often impaired in CLBP subjects; however, to the best of our knowledge, there is no evide...

Segmental neurofibromatosis is a rare clinical finding generally with no family history and facial involvement. There are four subtypes of segmental neurofibromatosis: true segmental, localized cases with deep involvement, hereditary segmental and bilateral segmental neurofibromatosis. Here we report three patients from the same family (father, son and granddaughter) with segmental bilateral ne...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Injury to spinal segmental arteries may potentially occur during spinal surgery, particularly during anterior or minimally invasive approaches. Use of a noninvasive radiologic tool to evaluate these arteries before surgery may reduce this risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed spinal CT angiography and reconstructed 3D images of segmental arteries in 41 patients. We cl...

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is an underlying pathological process which leads to lower back pain (1). Whilst initial weakening of IVDs may be asymptomatic, subsequent disc herniation can cause spinal stenosis and segmental instability (2). Conservative or surgical management can alleviate clinical symptoms, but may be unable to prevent continued degeneration. As degenerative disc dis...

The planning of decompressive and reconstructive spine surgery is based on clinical findings and diagnostic imaging. The evaluation of segmental instability, but also of the risk of destabilization following a needed decompression of the spinal canal and/or neural foramina make complex spine surgery a challenge, bearing in mind the risk of failures in case of an inadequate operation. The insuff...

Baastrup's disease or "kissing spines syndrome" was first described as a cause of lumbar pain before computerized tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning existed. The diagnosis was based on x-ray studies, which showed that the spinous processes, especially in the lower lumbar spine, became approximated to each other and this was a generator of positional back pain. Biomech...